GUSENYERA GAZ MU MAZI IKOMEYE HAMWE N'IMITERERE/IMITERERE

Ibiranga

• Uburyo bwo gusukura sulphur bushobora kugerwaho ku kigero kiri hejuru ya 99%.
• Kuboneka kw'ibirenze 98% bishobora kugerwaho
• Ubwubatsi ntibushingira ku gace runaka
• Igicuruzwa gishobora kugurishwa
• Imikorere itagira umupaka y'ibice by'imodoka
• Uburyo bufite umubare munini w'abarebwa ku isi

Intambwe z'Ibikorwa

Intambwe z'ingenzi z'ubu buryo bwo gusukura amazi mu mazi ni izi:

• Gutegura no gutanga umuti utuma umuntu anywa ibiyobyabwenge
• Gukuraho SOx (HCl, HF)
• Gukuraho amazi no gutunganya umusaruro

Muri ubu buryo, limestone (CaCO3) cyangwa quicklime (CaO2) bishobora gukoreshwa nk'ikintu gikurura umwuka. Guhitamo ikintu gishobora kongerwamo cyumye cyangwa nk'igitaka bikorwa hashingiwe ku mipaka yihariye y'umushinga. Kugira ngo ukureho oxyde za sulphur (SOx) n'ibindi bice bya aside (HCl, HF), umwuka wa flue uhuzwa cyane n'igitaka kirimo icyo kintu gikurura umwuka mu gace gakurura umwuka. Muri ubu buryo, ubuso bunini bushoboka buboneka kugira ngo bushobore koherezwamo amazi menshi. Mu gace gakurura umwuka, SO2 iva muri flue gaze ikorana n'icyo kintu gikurura umwuka maze igakora calcium sulfite (CaSO3).

Igishishwa cya limestone kirimo calcium sulfite gikusanyirizwa mu gishishwa cya metani. Igishishwa cya limestone gikoreshwa mu gusukura imyuka ihumanya gikomeza kongerwa mu gishishwa cya metani kugira ngo ubushobozi bwo gusukura bwa metani bukomeze kuba buri gihe. Hanyuma igishishwa cyongera gushyirwa mu gace k’imiyoboro.

Mu guhumeka umwuka mu gikoresho cyo gukurura umwuka, gypsum ikorwa ikoresheje calcium sulfite kandi igakurwa muri icyo gikorwa nk'igice cy'urusenda. Bitewe n'ubuziranenge bw'ibikenewe ku musaruro wa nyuma, hakorwa ubundi buryo bwo gutunganya gypsum igurishwa.

Ubwubatsi bw'Ibimera

Mu gusohora imyuka ivanze n’amazi, habayeho uburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri by’ingenzi. Utu ni agace k’amazi gashyirwamo imyuka ivanze n’agace k’amazi gashyirwamo imyuka, aho imyuka y’ibumba ifatwa igakusanywa. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko imyuka ivanze n’amazi, imyuka irahagarara hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvanga.

Imyuka y'amazi inyura mu cyuma gifata amazi hejuru y'urugero rw'amazi hanyuma ikanyura mu gace gafata amazi, karimo urugero rw'amazi akoreshwa hamwe n'icyuma gikuraho amazi.

Igishishwa cya limestone gikurwa mu gishishwa cy’amazi giterwa neza hamwe n’umwuka usohoka mu kirere binyuze mu gishishwa. Imiterere y’imiyoboro mu gishishwa ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo igikoresho gifata amazi gikureho neza. Bityo rero, gukora neza kw’amazi ni ngombwa cyane. Mu gishishwa cyo gukuraho umwuka, ibitonyanga biva mu gace gafata amazi n’umwuka usohoka mu kirere bisubizwa mu buryo. Aho igikoresho gisohoka, umwuka usohoka mu kirere uba wuzuye kandi ushobora gukurwaho binyuze mu munara ukonjesha cyangwa mu gishishwa gitose. Ubundi buryo, umwuka usohoka mu kirere ushobora gushyuha ugashyirwa mu gishishwa cyumye.

Igitonyanga gikurwa mu gikoresho cyo gukurura amazi gihita gikurwamo amazi binyuze mu mazi ya hydrocyclones. Muri rusange iki gitonyanga cyabanje gukurwamo amazi binyuze mu kuyungurura. Amazi aboneka muri iki gikorwa, ashobora gusubizwa mu gikoresho cyo gukurura amazi. Igice gito gikurwamo mu nzira yo gutembera kw'amaraso mu buryo bw'amazi yanduye.

Gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu nganda, inganda zitanga amashanyarazi cyangwa inganda zitwika imyanda biterwa n'imiyoboro ihamya ko ikora neza mu gihe kirekire kandi ikihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye cyane. Hamwe n'uburyo bwayo bwo gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere, Lechler itanga ibisubizo by'umwuga kandi bigamije gukoresha imashini zisuka cyangwa imashini zifata imyuka ihumanya ikirere ndetse n'izindi nzira zo gukuraho imyuka ihumanya ikirere (FGD).

Gukuraho isukari mu mazi