TE WHAKAMĀRAMA I TE HAUREHU MAKUKU KI TE PARAOA RAIMĀ/RAIMĀ

Ngā Āhuatanga

• Ka taea te whakatutuki i te pai o te tango pūhā i runga ake i te 99%
• Ka taea te whakatutuki i te wātea o te neke atu i te 98%
• Kāore te hangarau e whakawhirinaki ana ki tētahi wāhi motuhake
• Hua hokohoko
• Mahi kawenga wāhanga mutunga kore
• Te tikanga me te maha rawa o ngā tohutoro i te ao

Ngā Wāhanga Tukanga

Ko ngā wāhanga tukanga matua o tēnei tikanga whakakorenga whanariki mākū ko:

• Te whakarite me te horopeta o te mimiti
• Te tango i te SOx (HCl, HF)
• Te whakamaroke me te whakatikatika i te hua

I tēnei tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i te kōhatu kōhatu (CaCO3) te kōhatu tere rānei (CaO) hei mimiti. Ko te whiriwhiri i tētahi tāpiri ka taea te tāpiri maroke, hei parai rānei, ka mahia i runga i ngā āhuatanga rohe motuhake o te kaupapa. Hei tango i ngā waikura whanariki (SOx) me ētahi atu wāhanga waikawa (HCl, HF), ka kawea te hau para ki te whakapā kaha ki tētahi parai kei roto te tāpiri i roto i te rohe mimiti. Mā tēnei, ka wātea te horahanga mata nui rawa atu mō te whakawhiti papatipu. I roto i te rohe mimiti, ka tauhohe te SO2 mai i te hau parai ki te mea mimiti hei hanga i te konupūmā whanariki (CaSO3).

Ka kohia te paru kōhatu kei roto te konupūmā whanariki ki roto i te puna mimiti. Ka tāpirihia tonutia te kōhatu kōhatu e whakamahia ana hei horoi i ngā hau paru ki te puna mimiti kia mau tonu ai te kaha horoi o te mimiti. Kātahi ka papua anō te paru ki te rohe mimiti.

Mā te pupuhi i te hau ki roto i te puna mimiti, ka hangaia te gypsum mai i te konupūmā whanariki, ā, ka tangohia mai i te tukanga hei wāhanga o te paru. I runga i ngā whakaritenga kounga mō te hua whakamutunga, ka whakahaerehia he maimoatanga anō hei whakaputa gypsum ka taea te hokohoko.

Hangarau Tipu

I roto i te tango whanariki o te hau paru mākū, kua whakamahia ngā momo ngongo tuwhera e wehea ana kia rua ngā rohe matua. Ko te rohe ngongo e pāngia ana e te hau paru me te puna ngongo, te wāhi e mau ai, e kohia ai te paru kōhatu. Hei ārai i ngā putunga ki roto i te puna ngongo, ka whakatarewahia te paru mā roto i ngā tikanga whakaranu.

Ka rere te hau paipa ki roto i te pū mimiti i runga ake i te taumata wai, kātahi ka rere mā roto i te rohe mimiti, kei roto ko ngā taumata rehu taupatupatu me te tango kohu.

Ko te paru kōhatu i mimitihia mai i te puna mimiti ka rehuhia kia pai te rere, kia rere hoki ki te hau paipa mā roto i ngā taumata rehu. He mea nui te whakaritenga o ngā pūwero i roto i te pourewa rehu kia pai ai te tango i te mimiti. Nō reira, he mea nui te arotau i te rere. I roto i te tango kohu, ka whakahokia ngā pata i haria mai i te rohe mimiti e te hau paipa ki te tukanga. I te putanga o te mimiti, ka mākū te hau ma, ā, ka taea te tango tika mā te pourewa whakamatao, mā te puranga mākū rānei. Mēnā ka taea, ka taea te whakamahana i te hau ma, ka tukuna ki te puranga maroke.

Ko te paru i tangohia mai i te puna mimiti ka whakamaroketia tuatahitia mā te whakamahi i ngā hydrocyclones. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamaroketia anōtia tēnei paru kua whakakōkīhia i mua mā te tātari. Ko te wai i riro mai i tēnei tukanga, ka taea te whakahoki nui ki te mimiti. Ka tangohia he wāhanga iti i roto i te tukanga tohanga i te ahua o te rere o te wai para.

Ko te whakakorenga o te hau hau i roto i ngā tipu ahumahi, ngā tipu hiko, ngā tipu tahunga para rānei, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pūwero e whakamana ana i te mahi tika mō te wā roa, ā, e tu atu ana hoki i ngā āhuatanga taiao tino kino. Mā āna pūnaha pūwero, ka tukuna e Lechler ngā otinga ngaio me te arotahi ki te tono mō ngā kaihoroi rehu, ngā kaihoroi rehu rānei, me ētahi atu tukanga i roto i te whakakorenga hau hau (FGD).

Te whakakorenga whanariki mākū