Thaum cov tailings slurry ntawm lub mine cuam tshuam rau lub raj xa dej ntawm kev kub ceev, thaum kub-kub slag nyob rau hauv lub metallurgical rhiav txuas ntxiv mus ntxuav lub puab phab ntsa, thiab thaum lub zog acid tov nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj rhiav corrodes cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa hnub tom qab ib hnub - zoo tib yam hlau pipelines feem ntau xau tom qab tsuas yog ob peb lub hlis. Tab sis muaj ib hom raj xa dej uas muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv xws li "kev lag luam purgatory" unscathed, thiab nws yog ib tughnav-resistant pipeline ua los ntawm silicon carbideraws li cov khoom tseem ceeb. Dab tsi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txawj ntse ua qhov no zoo li cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam zais?
Cov khoom siv tawv tawv dua li cov hlau
Zaj dab neeg ntawm silicon carbide pib thaum xyoo pua 19th thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tau nrhiav pom qhov nyuaj no thaum sim tsim cov pob zeb hluavtaws. Nws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab hu ua "Moissanite", thaum silicon carbide siv hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog.
Cov lus zais ntawm kev ua silicon carbide kav yog li "tiv taus rau kev tsim khoom" nyob hauv lawv cov microstructure tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, silicon carbide crystals nthuav tawm cov qauv tetrahedral zoo ib yam li pob zeb diamond, nrog rau txhua lub silicon atom nruj nreem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm plaub carbon atoms, tsim ib qho kev sib txuas tsis sib haum xeeb. Cov qauv no muab nws qhov nyuaj thib ob rau pob zeb diamond, nrog Mohs hardness ntawm 9.5, uas txhais tau hais tias txawm tias tsis tu ncua yaig ntawm quartz xuab zeb (Mohs hardness ntawm 7) yog qhov nyuaj rau tawm hauv cov kab.
Dab tsi yog qhov tsawg dua yog tias silicon carbide tsis tsuas yog nyuaj, tab sis kuj tseem tiv taus kub kub. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1400 ℃, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom ruaj khov, uas ua rau nws ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias xws li kev thauj mus los ntawm cov hmoov hmoov hauv cov hlau metallurgy blast furnaces thiab boiler slag tawm hauv thermal zog tiam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog "kev tiv thaiv" rau kev yaig ntawm feem ntau cov kua qaub thiab alkalis, thiab qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv cov kav dej muaj zog acid hauv kev lag luam tshuaj.
Tsim lub tswv yim los ua kom cov raj xa dej muaj sia nyob kaum npaug
Tej yam yooj yim hardness tsis txaus los tiv nrog complex industrial puag ncig. Niaj hnub nimno silicon carbide coj-resistant pipelines txais yuav smarter composite qauv: feem ntau cov txheej txheej yog zoo tib yam carbon steel uas muab cov qauv kev txhawb nqa, lub puab txheej yog silicon carbide ceramic hauv ob sab phlu, thiab ib co pipelines kuj qhwv fiberglass rau sab nraud los txhim kho tag nrho lub zog. Qhov kev tsim no tsis tsuas yog txhawb nqa qhov hnav tsis zoo ntawm silicon carbide, tab sis kuj them nyiaj rau brittleness ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ceramic.
Cov kws tshaj lij tseem yuav ua "kev tsim qauv sib txawv" raws li qib kev hnav ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kav dej. Piv txwv li, yog tias sab nrauv ntawm lub luj tshib yog hnav hnyav tshaj plaws, yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv tuab silicon carbide; Yog tias qhov hnav ntawm sab hauv arc yog lub teeb, nws yuav tsum tau thinned kom tsim nyog kom ruaj khov thiab tsis txhob siv cov khoom pov tseg.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sintering technology ua rau silicon carbide pipelines zoo meej dua. Los ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom siv raw, cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav lub xeev ntom ntom nrog yuav luag xoom porosity, thaum qhia cov khoom siv graphite los tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej. Thaum cov kua dej ntws tawm hauv cov raj xa dej, cov graphite txheej tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv, ntxiv kom txo cov kev sib txhuam coefficient, xws li muab "lubrication armor" rau hauv cov kav dej.
Los ntawm kev lag luam ntshav mus rau yav tom ntej ntsuab
Hauv kev lag luam hnyav xws li thermal fais fab, mining, metallurgy, thiab chemical engineering, pipeline systems zoo li "industrial bloodline", thiab lawv txoj kev ntseeg tau ncaj qha ntsig txog kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov kav hlau qub feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov tsis pub dhau 3 lub hlis nyob rau hauv qhov chaw muaj zog hnav, thaum lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm silicon carbide cov kav dej hnav tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm ntau dua 10 zaug, txo qhov zaus ntawm kev tu ncua sij hawm.
Cov yam ntxwv ntev ntev no kuj ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib puag ncig. Txo cov kav dej hloov pauv txhais tau tias txo qis kev siv cov hlau, thiab cov thev naus laus zis siab tshaj plaws siv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom (xws li ESK txoj kev) tuaj yeem rov qab cov roj khib nyiab rau lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, nce kev siv hluav taws xob los ntawm 20%. Nyob rau hauv cov teb tshiab xws li lithium roj teeb ntau lawm thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, corrosion thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm silicon carbide kav kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Thaum peb tham txog kev lag luam kev vam meej, peb feem ntau tsom rau cov khoom siv high-tech dazzling, tab sis yooj yim saib ntawm "tom qab cov yeeb yaj kiab" xws li cov kav dej silicon carbide hnav-tiv taus. Nws yog precisely no innovation uas maximizes cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim uas txhawb kev ua hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub. Los ntawm cov mines mus rau cov chaw ua haujlwm, los ntawm cov cua kub kub mus rau cov chaw ua haujlwm tshuaj, cov 'superhard shields' uas ntsiag to no tau ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv lawv tus kheej.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-30-2025