Kev piav qhia
Cov hydrocyclonesyog cov duab cono-cylindrical, nrog rau qhov nkag tangential rau hauv seem cylindrical thiab qhov tawm ntawm txhua lub axis. Qhov tawm ntawm seem cylindrical hu ua vortex finder thiab nthuav mus rau hauv lub cyclone kom txo cov dej ntws luv luv ncaj qha los ntawm qhov nkag. Ntawm qhov kawg conical yog qhov tawm thib ob, lub spigot. Rau kev sib cais qhov loj me, ob qho chaw tawm feem ntau qhib rau huab cua. Hydrocyclones feem ntau ua haujlwm ntsug nrog lub spigot ntawm qhov kawg qis dua, yog li cov khoom ntxhib hu ua underflow thiab cov khoom zoo, tawm hauv vortex finder, lub overflow. Daim duab 1 schematically qhia txog cov dej ntws tseem ceeb thiab cov yam ntxwv tsim ntawm ib qhohydrocyclone: ob lub vortices, qhov tangential feed inlet thiab cov axial outlets. Tsuas yog thaj tsam ntawm qhov tangential inlet, qhov kev txav ntawm cov kua hauv lub cyclone muaj radial symmetry. Yog tias ib lossis ob qho ntawm cov qhov hluav taws xob qhib rau huab cua, thaj chaw siab qis ua rau lub hauv paus roj raws txoj kab ntsug, sab hauv lub vortex sab hauv.
Daim Duab 1. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub hydrocyclone.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm yooj yim: cov kua dej, uas nqa cov khoom me me uas raug tshem tawm, nkag mus rau hauv lub voj voog tangentially, tig mus rau hauv qab thiab tsim ib lub teb centrifugal hauv cov dej ntws dawb. Cov khoom loj dua txav mus los ntawm cov kua dej mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub voj voog hauv kev txav mus los, thiab tawm los ntawm lub spigot nrog ib feem ntawm cov kua. Vim yog thaj chaw txwv ntawm lub spigot, ib lub vortex sab hauv, tig mus rau tib qho kev taw qhia li lub vortex sab nraud tab sis ntws mus rau saum toj, tau tsim thiab tawm hauv lub cyclone los ntawm lub vortex finder, nqa feem ntau ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom me me nrog nws. Yog tias lub peev xwm ntawm lub spigot dhau, lub hauv paus cua raug kaw thiab qhov tso tawm ntawm lub spigot hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag zoo li lub kaus mus rau 'hlua' thiab poob cov khoom ntxhib mus rau qhov dej ntws.
Qhov txoj kab uas hla ntawm seem cylindrical yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me uas tuaj yeem sib cais, txawm hais tias qhov tawm ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau ywj pheej kom hloov pauv qhov kev sib cais ua tiav. Thaum cov neeg ua haujlwm thaum ntxov sim nrog cov cua daj cua dub me me li 5 hli txoj kab uas hla, cov hydrocyclone lag luam txoj kab uas hla tam sim no ntau ntawm 10 hli txog 2.5 m, nrog rau qhov sib cais loj rau cov khoom me me ntawm qhov ceev 2700 kg m−3 ntawm 1.5–300 μm, txo qis nrog qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom me me. Kev poob siab ua haujlwm ntau ntawm 10 bar rau cov kab uas hla me me mus rau 0.5 bar rau cov chav loj. Txhawm rau kom muaj peev xwm ntau ntxiv, ntau yam me mecov hydrocyclonestuaj yeem raug manifolded los ntawm ib txoj kab pub mis.
Txawm hais tias lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, ntau yam ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm tseem tsis tau nkag siab zoo, thiab kev xaiv hydrocyclone thiab kev kwv yees rau kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam feem ntau yog empirical.
Kev faib tawm
Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FRSC, FCIM, P.Eng., hauv Wills' Mineral Processing Technology (Tsab Thib Yim), 2016
9.4.3 Hydrocyclones piv rau cov ntxaij vab tshaus
Cov hydrocyclones tau los ua tus thawj coj hauv kev faib tawm thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom me me hauv cov voj voog sib tsoo kaw (<200 µm). Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhim kho tsis ntev los no hauv kev siv tshuab screen (Tshooj 8) tau rov qab muaj kev txaus siab rau kev siv cov ntxaij vab tshaus hauv cov voj voog sib tsoo. Cov ntxaij vab tshaus sib cais raws li qhov loj me thiab tsis cuam tshuam ncaj qha los ntawm qhov sib kis ntawm cov zaub mov pub. Qhov no tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo. Cov ntxaij vab tshaus kuj tsis muaj feem bypass, thiab raws li Piv txwv 9.2 tau pom, bypass tuaj yeem loj heev (ntau dua 30% hauv qhov ntawd). Daim duab 9.8 qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nkhaus faib rau cyclones thiab cov ntxaij vab tshaus. Cov ntaub ntawv yog los ntawm El Brocal concentrator hauv Peru nrog kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej thiab tom qab cov hydrocyclones tau hloov nrog Derrick Stack Sizer® (saib Tshooj 8) hauv lub voj voog sib tsoo (Dündar et al., 2014). Sib xws nrog kev cia siab, piv rau cyclone lub vijtsam muaj kev sib cais ntse dua (qhov nkhaus ntawm nkhaus siab dua) thiab bypass me ntsis. Kev nce hauv lub peev xwm sib tsoo tau tshaj tawm vim muaj kev tawg ntau dua tom qab siv lub vijtsam. Qhov no tau raug suav hais tias yog qhov tshem tawm ntawm txoj kev bypass, txo cov khoom zoo uas xa rov qab mus rau cov tshuab sib tsoo uas feem ntau ua rau cov khoom me me-cov khoom me me cuam tshuam.
Daim Duab 9.8. Cov kab sib faib rau cov cyclones thiab cov ntxaij vab tshaus hauv lub voj voog sib tsoo ntawm El Brocal concentrator.
(Hloov los ntawm Dündar et al. (2014))
Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv tsis yog ib txoj hauv kev: ib qho piv txwv tsis ntev los no yog kev hloov ntawm lub vijtsam mus rau lub voj voog, kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov txo qis ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv them nyiaj ntau dua (Sasseville, 2015).
Cov txheej txheem metallurgy thiab tsim qauv
Eoin H. Macdonald, hauv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Tshawb Nrhiav Kub thiab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas, 2007
Cov hydrocyclones
Cov hydrocyclones yog cov chav tsev nyiam siv rau kev ntsuas lossis tshem cov slurry loj pheej yig thiab vim tias lawv siv qhov chaw hauv pem teb lossis chav taub hau me me. Lawv ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thaum pub rau ntawm qhov nrawm thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov pulp thiab siv ib leeg lossis ua pawg kom tau txais tag nrho cov peev xwm xav tau ntawm qhov sib cais xav tau. Kev muaj peev xwm ntsuas tau vam khom cov zog centrifugal tsim los ntawm cov tangential ntws ceev los ntawm lub chav tsev. Lub vortex thawj tsim los ntawm cov slurry nkag mus ua haujlwm spirally downwards nyob ib puag ncig sab hauv cone phab ntsa. Cov khoom khov kho raug pov tawm los ntawm lub zog centrifugal kom thaum cov pulp txav mus rau hauv qab nws qhov ceev nce. Cov khoom ntsug ntawm qhov ceev ua haujlwm downwards ze ntawm cov phab ntsa cone thiab upwards ze ntawm lub axis. Cov centrifugal sib cais slime fraction tsawg dua yog yuam mus rau saum toj los ntawm lub vortex finder kom dhau los ntawm qhov qhib ntawm qhov kawg sab saud ntawm lub cone. Ib cheeb tsam nruab nrab lossis lub hnab ntawv ntawm ob qho dej ntws muaj xoom qhov ceev ntsug thiab cais cov khoom khov kho coarser txav mus rau hauv qab los ntawm cov khoom khov kho finer txav mus rau saum toj. Feem ntau ntawm cov dej ntws hla mus rau sab hauv lub vortex me me sab hauv thiab cov zog centrifugal siab dua pov cov khoom me me loj dua mus rau sab nraud yog li muab kev sib cais zoo dua hauv cov sizings me dua. Cov khoom me me no rov qab mus rau lub vortex sab nraud thiab tshaj tawm ib zaug ntxiv rau lub jig pub.
Cov geometry thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv cov qauv ntws ntawm lub voj voog ntawm ib qho kev coj uahydrocyclonetau piav qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 8.13. Cov kev hloov pauv ua haujlwm yog cov pulp density, feed flow rate, solids characteristics, feed inlet pressure thiab pressure drop los ntawm lub cyclone. Cov kev hloov pauv cyclone yog thaj chaw ntawm feed inlet, vortex finder diameter thiab ntev, thiab spigot discharge diameter. Tus nqi ntawm cov drag coefficient kuj raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov duab; qhov ntau dua ib qho particle txawv ntawm sphericity qhov me dua yog nws cov duab factor thiab qhov ntau dua nws cov settling resistance. Lub cheeb tsam kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb yuav nthuav dav mus rau qee cov kub me me li 200 mm hauv qhov loj me thiab kev saib xyuas ceev faj ntawm cov txheej txheem kev faib tawm yog li ntawd tseem ceeb kom txo qis kev siv rov qab ntau dhau thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm slimes. Keeb kwm, thaum me ntsis kev saib xyuas tau muab rau kev rov qab ntawm 150μm cov noob kub, kev nqa kub hauv cov feem me me zoo li yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev poob kub uas tau sau tseg tias siab txog li 40-60% hauv ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm kub.
8.13. Cov qauv geometry ib txwm muaj thiab cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm ntawm lub hydrocyclone.
Daim Duab 8.14 (Daim Ntawv Qhia Xaiv Warman) yog qhov kev xaiv ua ntej ntawm cov cyclones rau kev sib cais ntawm ntau qhov loj D50 los ntawm 9–18 microns txog 33–76 microns. Daim ntawv qhia no, zoo li lwm cov ntawv qhia ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyclone, yog raws li kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm ib hom tshwj xeeb. Nws xav tias cov khoom khov ntawm 2,700 kg / m3 hauv dej ua thawj qhov kev qhia rau kev xaiv. Cov cyclones loj dua txoj kab uas hla yog siv los tsim cov kev sib cais ntxhib tab sis xav tau cov ntim pub ntau rau kev ua haujlwm kom raug. Kev sib cais zoo ntawm cov ntim pub ntau xav tau cov pawg ntawm cov cyclones me me txoj kab uas hla ua haujlwm ua ke. Cov qauv tsim kawg rau qhov loj me ze yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab sim, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xaiv lub cyclone nyob ib puag ncig nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntau kom txhua qhov kev hloov kho me me uas yuav tsum tau ua thaum pib ua haujlwm.
8.14. Daim ntawv qhia kev xaiv ua ntej ntawm Warman.
Lub CBC (circulating bed) cyclone tau hais tias yuav faib cov khoom siv kub alluvial pub txog li 5 hli txoj kab uas hla thiab tau txais kev pub siab tas li los ntawm qhov dej ntws hauv qab. Kev sib cais tshwm sim ntawm kwv yees liD50/150 microns raws li silica ntawm qhov ceev 2.65. CBC cyclone underflow tau thov tias tshwj xeeb tshaj yog amenable rau jig sib cais vim nws cov kab sib faib loj me me thiab yuav luag tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom pov tseg zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm hais tias lub kaw lus no tau thov kom tsim cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov zaub mov hnyav sib npaug hauv ib qho dhau los ntawm qhov ntev ntev (piv txwv li cov xuab zeb mineral), tsis muaj cov lej ua tau zoo li no muaj rau cov khoom noj alluvial uas muaj kub zoo thiab flaky. Rooj 8.5 muab cov ntaub ntawv kev rau AKWcov hydrocyclonesrau cov ntsiab lus txiav tawm ntawm 30 thiab 100 microns.
Rooj 8.5. Cov ntaub ntawv kev siv rau AKW hydrocyclones
| Hom (KRS) | Txoj kab uas hla (hli) | Kev poob siab | Peev Xwm | Txiav qhov chaw (microns) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cov dej khib nyiab (m3/teev) | Cov khoom khov (t/h siab tshaj). | ||||
| 2118 | 100 | 1–2.5 | 9.27 | 5 | 30–50 |
| 2515 | 125 | 1–2.5 | 11–30 | 6 | 25–45 |
| 4118 | 200 | 0.7–2.0 | 18–60 | 15 | 40–60 |
| (RWN)6118 | 300 | 0.5–1.5 | 40–140 | 40 | 50–100 |
Kev txhim kho hauv kev sib xyaw hlau thiab kev faib tawm cov thev naus laus zis
A. Jankovic, hauv Iron Ore, 2015
8.3.3.1 Cov khoom sib cais Hydrocyclone
Lub hydrocyclone, tseem hu ua cyclone, yog ib lub cuab yeej faib tawm uas siv lub zog centrifugal los ua kom nrawm dua qhov kev sib sau ntawm cov khoom me me thiab cais cov khoom me me raws li qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb. Nws yog siv dav hauv kev lag luam minerals, nrog nws qhov kev siv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua cov khoom siv minerals ua tus classifier, uas tau ua pov thawj zoo heev ntawm qhov loj me sib cais zoo. Nws yog siv dav hauv kev sib tsoo kaw-circuit tab sis tau pom ntau lwm yam kev siv, xws li desliming, degritting, thiab thickening.
Ib lub hydrocyclone feem ntau (Daim Duab 8.12a) muaj ib lub thawv zoo li lub khob hliav qab, qhib ntawm nws lub apex, lossis underflow, txuas nrog ib feem cylindrical, uas muaj qhov nkag tangential. Sab saum toj ntawm seem cylindrical raug kaw nrog ib lub phaj uas hla lub yeeb nkab overflow mounted axially. Lub yeeb nkab raug nthuav mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm lub cyclone los ntawm ib feem luv luv, tshem tau hu ua vortex finder, uas tiv thaiv kev luv luv ntawm cov khoom noj ncaj qha mus rau hauv qhov overflow. Cov khoom noj raug nkag mus rau hauv qab kev siab los ntawm qhov nkag tangential, uas muab kev txav mus rau lub pulp. Qhov no tsim ib lub vortex hauv lub cyclone, nrog rau thaj tsam qis-siab raws txoj kab ntsug, raws li pom hauv Daim Duab 8.12b. Ib lub plawv cua tsim raws txoj kab, feem ntau txuas nrog huab cua los ntawm qhov qhib apex, tab sis ib feem tsim los ntawm cov cua yaj tawm ntawm cov kua hauv thaj tsam qis siab. Lub zog centrifugal ua kom nrawm dua qhov nrawm ntawm cov khoom me me, yog li cais cov khoom me me raws li qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab qhov hnyav tshwj xeeb. Cov khoom me me uas poob sai dua yuav txav mus rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub cyclone, qhov twg qhov ceev qis tshaj plaws, thiab txav mus rau qhov qhib siab tshaj plaws (hauv qab). Vim yog qhov kev ua ntawm lub zog rub, cov khoom me me uas poob qeeb dua yuav txav mus rau thaj chaw uas muaj qhov siab qis raws txoj kab thiab raug nqa mus rau saum toj los ntawm lub vortex finder mus rau qhov dej ntws.
Daim Duab 8.12. Hydrocyclone (https://www.aeroprobe.com/applications/examples/australian-mining-industry-uses-aeroprobe-equipment-to-study-hydro-cyclone) thiab roj teeb hydrocyclone. Cavex hydrocyclone overvew brochure, https://www.weirminerals.com/products_services/cavex.aspx.
Cov hydrocyclones yuav luag siv thoob plaws hauv kev sib tsoo vim lawv muaj peev xwm siab thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem faib ua pawg ntau yam ntawm cov khoom me me (feem ntau 5–500 μm), cov chav me me dua siv rau kev faib ua pawg zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv cyclone hauv cov sib tsoo magnetite tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ceev ntawm magnetite thiab cov zaub mov pov tseg (silica). Magnetite muaj qhov ceev tshwj xeeb ntawm kwv yees li 5.15, thaum silica muaj qhov ceev tshwj xeeb ntawm kwv yees li 2.7. Hauvcov hydrocyclones, cov minerals ntom ntom sib cais ntawm qhov loj me me dua li cov minerals sib dua. Yog li ntawd, cov magnetite uas tau tso tawm raug sib sau ua ke hauv cov dej ntws cyclone, nrog rau qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm cov magnetite. Napier-Munn et al. (2005) tau sau tseg tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov loj me ntawm qhov txiav kho (d50c) thiab qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom me me ua raws li kev qhia tawm ntawm daim ntawv hauv qab no nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntws thiab lwm yam:
qhov twgρs yog qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom khov,ρl yog qhov ceev ntawm cov kua, thiabnyog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.5 thiab 1.0. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov mineral density rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyclone tuaj yeem tseem ceeb heev. Piv txwv li, yog tiasd50c ntawm cov magnetite yog 25 μm, ces tusd50c ntawm cov khoom me me silica yuav yog 40–65 μm. Daim duab 8.13 qhia cov kab nkhaus kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyclone rau magnetite (Fe3O4) thiab silica (SiO2) tau los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub tshuab sib tsoo pob magnetite hauv kev lag luam. Qhov sib cais loj rau silica yog qhov ntxhib dua, nrog raud50c rau Fe3O4 ntawm 29 μm, thaum rau SiO2 yog 68 μm. Vim yog qhov xwm txheej no, cov tshuab sib tsoo magnetite hauv cov voj voog kaw nrog hydrocyclones tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig thiab muaj peev xwm qis dua piv rau lwm cov voj voog sib tsoo hlau.
Daim Duab 8.13. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyclone rau magnetite Fe3O4 thiab silica SiO2 - kev tshawb fawb kev lag luam.
Kev Siv Tshuab Siab Siab: Cov Ntsiab Lus Tseem Ceeb thiab Cov Ntawv Siv
MJ Cocero PhD, hauv Tsev Qiv Ntawv Txog Kev Lag Luam Chemistry, 2001
Cov khoom siv cais cov khoom khov
- •
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Hydrocyclone
Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov hom khoom sib cais yooj yim tshaj plaws. Nws yog ib lub cuab yeej sib cais ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab siv tau los tshem tawm cov khoom khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias siab. Nws pheej yig vim nws tsis muaj qhov txav mus los thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas me ntsis.
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib cais rau cov khoom khov yog ib qho muaj zog ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom me me thiab qhov kub. Cov txiaj ntsig sib cais tag nrho ze li ntawm 80% yog ua tau rau silica thiab qhov kub siab tshaj 300 ° C, thaum nyob rau tib qhov kub thiab txias, cov txiaj ntsig sib cais tag nrho rau cov khoom zircon denser yog ntau dua 99% [29].
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm hydrocyclone yog qhov uas qee cov ntsev yuav lo rau ntawm phab ntsa cyclone.
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Kev lim dej me me hla
Cov lim dej hla-ntws ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li qhov feem ntau pom hauv kev lim dej hla-ntws nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig: kev nce shear-rates thiab txo cov kua-viscosity ua rau muaj cov lej lim ntau ntxiv. Cross-microfiltration tau siv rau kev sib cais ntawm cov ntsev precipitated ua cov khoom khov, muab cov khoom sib cais ua haujlwm feem ntau tshaj 99.9%. Goemansthiab lwm tus.[30] tau kawm txog kev sib cais sodium nitrate ntawm cov dej supercritical. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tshawb fawb, sodium nitrate muaj nyob ua cov ntsev molten thiab muaj peev xwm hla lub lim. Cov txiaj ntsig sib cais tau txais uas hloov pauv nrog qhov kub thiab txias, txij li qhov solubility txo qis thaum qhov kub nce, ntau ntawm 40% thiab 85%, rau 400 ° C thiab 470 ° C, feem. Cov neeg ua haujlwm no piav qhia txog lub tshuab sib cais ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lim dej nruab nrab mus rau cov tshuaj supercritical, piv rau cov ntsev molten, raws li lawv cov viscosities sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav ua tau tsis yog tsuas yog lim cov ntsev precipitated ua cov khoom khov tab sis kuj lim cov ntsev qis-melting-point uas nyob rau hauv lub xeev molten.
Cov teeb meem ua haujlwm feem ntau yog vim muaj kev xeb ntawm cov ntsev lim.
Daim Ntawv: Kev Siv Dua thiab Cov Khoom Siv Rov Siv Dua
MR Doshi, JM Dyer, hauv Reference Module hauv Materials Science thiab Materials Engineering, 2016
3.3 Kev Ntxuav
Cov neeg ntxuav los yogcov hydrocyclonestshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv ntawm cov pulp raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tsis huv thiab dej. Cov khoom siv no muaj cov conical lossis cylindrical-conical siab lub thawv uas cov pulp raug pub tangentially ntawm qhov kawg loj txoj kab uas hla (Daim Duab 6). Thaum hla dhau lub tshuab ntxuav lub pulp tsim cov qauv ntws vortex, zoo ib yam li lub cyclone. Cov dej ntws tig ib ncig ntawm lub hauv paus axis thaum nws hla mus ntawm qhov nkag thiab mus rau lub apex, lossis qhov qhib hauv qab, raws sab hauv ntawm phab ntsa ntxuav. Qhov ceev ntawm kev ntws tig nrawm dua thaum txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub khob hliav qab txo qis. Nyob ze ntawm qhov kawg apex qhov qhib me me txoj kab uas hla tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov dej ntws uas hloov chaw tig hauv lub vortex sab hauv ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav. Cov dej ntws ntawm lub hauv paus sab hauv ntws tawm ntawm qhov qhib apex kom txog thaum nws tso tawm los ntawm lub vortex finder, nyob ntawm qhov kawg loj txoj kab uas hla hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav. Cov khoom siv ntom ntom dua, tau raug sib sau ua ke ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav vim yog lub zog centrifugal, raug tso tawm ntawm lub apex ntawm lub khob hliav qab (Bliss, 1994, 1997).
Daim Duab 6. Cov feem ntawm lub hydrocyclone, cov qauv ntws tseem ceeb thiab cov qauv sib cais.
Cov tshuaj ntxuav raug muab faib ua qhov ceev siab, nruab nrab, lossis qis nyob ntawm qhov ceev thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom tsis huv uas raug tshem tawm. Cov tshuaj ntxuav ceev siab, nrog rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm 15 txog 50 cm (6–20 nti) yog siv los tshem tawm cov hlau tsis huv, cov ntawv txiav, thiab cov staples thiab feem ntau yog muab tso rau tom qab lub pulper. Thaum txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav txo qis, nws qhov ua tau zoo hauv kev tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv me me nce ntxiv. Vim yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab kev lag luam, lub cyclone txoj kab uas hla 75-mm (3 nti) feem ntau yog cov tshuaj ntxuav me tshaj plaws siv hauv kev lag luam ntawv.
Cov tshuaj ntxuav rov qab thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav ntws yog tsim los tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv uas tsis muaj zog xws li quav ciab, polystyrene, thiab cov nplaum. Cov tshuaj ntxuav rov qab tau muab lub npe no vim tias cov dej ntws txais tau sau rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav thaum cov khoom tsis lees txais tawm ntawm qhov ntws dhau. Hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav ntws, cov khoom txais thiab cov khoom tsis lees txais tawm ntawm tib qhov kawg ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav, nrog cov khoom txais ze ntawm phab ntsa tshuaj ntxuav sib cais los ntawm cov khoom tsis lees txais los ntawm lub raj nruab nrab ze ntawm lub plawv ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav, raws li pom hauv Daim Duab 7.
Daim Duab 7. Cov duab kos ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav dej ntws.
Cov tshuab centrifuges uas siv tas mus li thaum xyoo 1920 thiab 1930 los tshem cov xuab zeb ntawm cov pulp tau raug tso tseg tom qab kev tsim cov hydrocyclones. Lub Gyroclean, tsim los ntawm Centre Technique du Papier, Grenoble, Fabkis, muaj ib lub tog raj kheej uas tig ntawm 1200–1500 rpm (Bliss, 1997; Julien Saint Amand, 1998, 2002). Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub sijhawm nyob ntev thiab lub zog centrifugal siab tso cai rau cov khoom tsis huv uas tsis muaj zog txaus kom txav mus rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub tshuab ntxuav qhov twg lawv raug tso tawm los ntawm qhov chaw tso tawm vortex.
MT Thew, nyob rau hauv Encyclopedia of Separation Science, 2000
Cov Lus Qhia Luv Luv
Txawm hais tias cov khoom khov-kuahydrocyclonetau tsim muaj rau feem ntau ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib cais kua-kua tsis tau tuaj txog txog rau xyoo 1980. Kev lag luam roj av hauv hiav txwv xav tau cov khoom siv compact, ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha rau kev tshem tawm cov roj av uas tau faib me me ntawm dej. Qhov kev xav tau no tau ua tiav los ntawm hom hydrocyclone sib txawv, uas tau kawg tsis muaj qhov chaw txav mus los.
Tom qab piav qhia qhov xav tau no kom meej dua thiab piv nrog kev sib cais cyclonic khov-kua hauv kev ua cov khoom siv minerals, cov txiaj ntsig uas hydrocyclone tau muab rau cov hom khoom siv uas tau teeb tsa ua ntej kom ua tau raws li lub luag haujlwm tau muab.
Cov txheej txheem ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib cais tau teev tseg ua ntej tham txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev pub mis, kev tswj hwm tus neeg teb xov tooj thiab lub zog xav tau, piv txwv li cov khoom ntawm kev poob siab thiab qhov nrawm.
Ib puag ncig rau kev tsim roj av teeb tsa qee qhov kev txwv rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab qhov no suav nrog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev yaig ntawm cov khoom me me. Cov ntaub ntawv siv feem ntau tau hais txog. Cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi sib piv rau cov hom roj sib cais, ob qho tib si peev thiab rov ua dua, tau piav qhia, txawm hais tias cov peev txheej tsis tshua muaj. Thaum kawg, qee cov ntsiab lus rau kev txhim kho ntxiv tau piav qhia, raws li kev lag luam roj saib rau cov khoom siv ntsia rau ntawm lub txaj hiav txwv lossis txawm tias nyob hauv qab ntawm lub qhov dej.
Kev kuaj, kev tswj hwm, thiab kev sib npaug ntawm pawg
Barry A. Wills, James A. Finch FRSC, FCIM, P.Eng., hauv Wills' Mineral Processing Technology (Tsab Thib Yim), 2016
3.7.1 Siv Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me
Muaj ntau yam units, xws licov hydrocyclonesthiab cov khoom sib cais ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, tsim kom muaj qib kev sib cais qhov loj me thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj ntawm cov khoom me me tuaj yeem siv rau kev sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav (Piv txwv 3.15).
Piv txwv 3.15 yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev txo qhov tsis sib npaug ntawm cov node; nws muab, piv txwv li, tus nqi pib rau qhov kev txo qis tsawg kawg nkaus. Cov duab no siv tau thaum twg muaj cov ntaub ntawv "ntau dhau"; hauv Piv txwv 3.9 nws yuav tau siv.
Piv txwv 3.15 siv lub cyclone ua lub node. Lub node thib ob yog lub sump: qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm 2 qhov inputs (fresh feed thiab ball mill discharge) thiab ib qho output (cyclone feed). Qhov no muab lwm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov hnyav (Piv txwv 3.16).
Hauv Tshooj 9 peb rov qab mus rau qhov piv txwv ntawm lub voj voog sib tsoo no siv cov ntaub ntawv kho kom raug los txiav txim siab qhov nkhaus faib ntawm cyclone.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-07-2019