M'zaka zaposachedwa, ma semiconductors a silicon carbide alandila chidwi kwambiri pamakampani. Komabe, monga zida zapamwamba, silicon carbide ndi gawo laling'ono chabe la zida zamagetsi (ma diode, zida zamagetsi). Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati ma abrasives, zida zodulira, zida zamapangidwe, zida zowoneka bwino, zonyamula zonyamula, ndi zina zambiri. Masiku ano, timayambitsa zoumba za silicon carbide, zomwe zimakhala ndi ubwino wokhazikika wa mankhwala, kukana kutentha, kukana kuvala, kukana kwa corrosion, kutsika kwa kutentha kwapamwamba, kutsika kwa kutentha kwapakati, kutsika kwapakati, ndi mphamvu zamakina. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo monga makina amankhwala, mphamvu ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe, ma semiconductors, zitsulo, chitetezo cha dziko ndi makampani ankhondo.
Silicon carbide (SiC)lili pakachitsulo ndi carbon, ndipo ndi mmene Mipikisano mitundu structural pawiri, makamaka kuphatikizapo mitundu iwiri krustalo: α - SiC (high-kutentha khola mtundu) ndi β - SiC (otsika kutentha khola mtundu). Pali mitundu yambiri yoposa 200 yonse, yomwe 3C SiC ya β - SiC ndi 2H SiC, 4H SiC, 6H SiC, ndi 15R SiC ya α - SiC ndizoyimira.
Chithunzi cha SiC Multibody Structure
Kutentha kukakhala pansi pa 1600 ℃, SiC imakhalapo mu mawonekedwe a β - SiC ndipo imatha kukonzedwa kuchokera kusakaniza kosavuta kwa silicon ndi kaboni pafupifupi 1450 ℃. Kutentha kukadutsa 1600 ℃, β - SiC pang'onopang'ono imasintha kukhala ma polymorphs osiyanasiyana a α - SiC. 4H SiC imapangidwa mosavuta kuzungulira 2000 ℃; Ma polymorphs onse a 6H ndi 15R amafuna kutentha kwambiri kuposa 2100 ℃ kuti apange mosavuta; 6H SiC ikhoza kukhala yokhazikika ngakhale pa kutentha kopitilira 2200 ℃, ndikupangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale.
Silicon carbide yoyera ndi kristalo wopanda mtundu komanso wowoneka bwino, pomwe silicon carbide yamakampani imatha kukhala yopanda utoto, yachikasu, yobiriwira, yobiriwira yobiriwira, yabuluu, buluu wakuda, kapena wakuda, ndikuchepetsa kuwonekera. Makampani opanga ma abrasive amagawa silicon carbide m'mitundu iwiri kutengera mtundu: wakuda silicon carbide ndi green silicon carbide. Silicon carbide yopanda mtundu mpaka yobiriwira yobiriwira imatchedwa green silicon carbide, pomwe buluu wopepuka mpaka wakuda silicon carbide amadziwika kuti ndi wakuda silicon carbide. Black silicon carbide ndi green silicon carbide onse ndi alpha SiC hexagonal crystals, ndipo green silicon carbide micro powder nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira za silicon carbide ceramics.
Magwiridwe a Silicon Carbide Ceramics Okonzedwa Ndi Njira Zosiyana
Komabe, zoumba za silicon carbide zimakhala ndi vuto la kulimba kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, m'zaka zaposachedwa, zida zadothi zokhala ndi silicon carbide ceramics, monga kulimbikitsa (kapena ndevu) kulimbitsa, kulimbitsa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi zida zogwirira ntchito, zakhala zikutuluka motsatizana, ndikuwongolera kulimba ndi mphamvu yazinthu zilizonse.
Monga zida zopangira zinthu zotentha kwambiri, zoumba za silicon carbide zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukira mu ng'anjo zotentha kwambiri, zitsulo zazitsulo, petrochemicals, zamagetsi zamakina, zakuthambo, chitetezo champhamvu ndi chilengedwe, mphamvu za nyukiliya, magalimoto ndi magawo ena.
Mu 2022, kukula kwa msika wama silicon carbide ceramics ku China akuyembekezeka kufika 18.2 biliyoni ya yuan. Ndi kukulitsidwa kwina kwa minda yogwiritsira ntchito komanso zosowa zakukula kunsi kwa mtsinje, akuti kukula kwa msika wa silicon carbide ceramics structural ceramics kudzafika 29.6 biliyoni yuan pofika 2025.
M'tsogolomu, ndi kuwonjezeka mlingo malowedwe a magalimoto mphamvu zatsopano, mphamvu, mafakitale, kulankhulana ndi madera ena, komanso zofunika kwambiri okhwima mwatsatanetsatane mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane, mkulu kuvala kukana, ndi mkulu kudalirika makina zigawo zikuluzikulu kapena zigawo zamagetsi m'madera osiyanasiyana, kukula msika wa silicon carbide ceramic mankhwala akuyembekezeka kupitiriza kukula, pakati amene magalimoto mphamvu zatsopano ndi photovoltaics ndi zofunika chitukuko madera.
Silicon carbide ceramics amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ng'anjo za ceramic chifukwa cha makina awo otenthetsera kwambiri, kukana moto, komanso kukana kugwedezeka kwamafuta. Pakati pawo, zodzigudubuza kilns makamaka ntchito kuyanika, sintering, ndi kutentha mankhwala lithiamu-ion batire zabwino elekitirodi zipangizo, negative elekitirodi zipangizo, ndi electrolytes. Lithium batire zabwino ndi zoipa ma elekitirodi zipangizo ndizofunikira kwambiri pa magalimoto atsopano mphamvu. Mipando ya silicon carbide ceramic kiln ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la ng'anjo, zomwe zimatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yopanga ng'anjo ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Zida za ceramic carbide ceramic zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamagalimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, zida za SiC zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu ma PCU (magawo owongolera mphamvu, monga pa board DC/DC) ndi OBCs (mayunitsi opangira) amagetsi atsopano. Zida za SiC zimatha kuchepetsa kulemera ndi kuchuluka kwa zida za PCU, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa masinthidwe, ndikuwongolera kutentha kwantchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a zida; Ndikothekanso kukulitsa mulingo wa mphamvu ya unit, kufewetsa mawonekedwe ozungulira, kukonza kachulukidwe kamagetsi, ndikuwonjezera liwiro lacharging panthawi ya OBC. Pakadali pano, makampani ambiri amagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi agwiritsa ntchito silicon carbide m'mitundu ingapo, ndipo kutengera kwakukulu kwa silicon carbide kwakhala chizolowezi.
Pamene silicon carbide ceramics amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zonyamulira zazikulu popanga ma cell a photovoltaic, zomwe zimatsatira monga zothandizira mabwato, mabokosi a mabwato, ndi zopangira zitoliro zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamafuta abwino, sizimapunduka zikagwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwambiri, komanso sizitulutsa zowononga zowononga. Atha kusintha zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paboti la quartz, mabokosi a mabwato, ndi zoyikapo mapaipi, ndipo zimakhala ndi phindu lalikulu.
Kuphatikiza apo, chiyembekezo chamsika cha zida zamagetsi za photovoltaic silicon carbide ndizambiri. Zida za SiC zili ndi kukana kocheperako, chipata cha chipata, komanso mawonekedwe obwezeretsanso. Kugwiritsa ntchito SiC Mosfet kapena SiC Mosfet kuphatikiza ndi SiC SBD photovoltaic inverters kumatha kukulitsa kutembenuka mtima kuchoka pa 96% mpaka kupitirira 99%, kuchepetsa kutaya mphamvu ndi kupitilira 50%, ndikuwonjezera moyo wozungulira zida ndi nthawi 50.
Kaphatikizidwe ka silicon carbide ceramics kumatha kuyambika m'zaka za m'ma 1890, pomwe silicon carbide idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogaya ndi zida zowumitsa. Ndi chitukuko cha luso kupanga, zipangizo zamakono SiC zapangidwa ambiri, ndipo mayiko padziko lonse akuyang'ana kwambiri kwa mafakitale zadothi zapamwamba. Sakukhutitsidwanso ndi kukonza ziwiya zadothi za silicon carbide. Mabizinesi omwe amapanga ziwiya zadothi zapamwamba akukula mwachangu, makamaka m'maiko otukuka kumene izi ndizofunika kwambiri. Opanga akunja makamaka akuphatikizapo Saint Gobain, 3M, CeramTec, IBIDEN, Schunk, Narita Gulu, Toto Corporation, CoorsTek, Kyocera, Aszac, Japan Jingke Ceramics Co., Ltd., Japan Special Ceramics Co., Ltd., IPS Ceramics, ndi zina zambiri.
Kukula kwa silicon carbide ku China kunali kochedwa poyerekeza ndi mayiko otukuka monga Europe ndi America. Popeza ng'anjo yoyamba yamafakitale yopanga SiC idamangidwa pa Factory Yoyamba Yogaya Wheel mu June 1951, China idayamba kupanga silicon carbide. Opanga apakhomo a silicon carbide ceramics amakhala makamaka ku Weifang City, m'chigawo cha Shandong. Malinga ndi akatswiri, izi ndichifukwa choti mabizinesi am'deralo akugwa pansi ndipo akufuna kusintha. Makampani ena abweretsa zida zoyenera kuchokera ku Germany kuti ayambe kufufuza ndi kupanga silicon carbide.ZPC ndi imodzi mwazopanga zazikulu zomwe zimachita sintered silicon carbide.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-09-2024