Zida za silicon carbide (SiC)Zakhala zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zadothi zotentha kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kutentha kochepa, kutentha kwambiri, kuuma kwambiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi mankhwala. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ofunikira monga ndege, mphamvu za nyukiliya, zankhondo, ndi ma semiconductor.
Komabe, ma covalent bonds amphamvu kwambiri komanso kufalikira kochepa kwa SiC kumapangitsa kuti kukhuthala kwake kukhale kovuta. Pachifukwa ichi, makampaniwa apanga ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana wopangira zinthu zoyeretsera, ndipo SiC ceramics yokonzedwa ndi ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana ili ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pa kapangidwe kake, mawonekedwe ake, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Apa pali kusanthula kwa makhalidwe akuluakulu a silicon carbide ceramics zisanu zazikulu.
1. SiC ceramics zosakanizidwa ndi mphamvu (S-SiC)
Ubwino waukulu: Woyenera njira zingapo zopangira zinthu, mtengo wotsika, osangokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi kukula, ndiyo njira yosavuta kwambiri yopangira zinthu zambiri. Mwa kuwonjezera boron ndi kaboni ku β - SiC yokhala ndi mpweya wochepa ndikuupaka pansi pa mpweya wopanda mpweya pafupifupi 2000 ℃, thupi lopaka zinthu ndi kachulukidwe ka 98% lingapezeke. Pali njira ziwiri: gawo lolimba ndi gawo lamadzimadzi. Loyamba lili ndi kachulukidwe kakakulu komanso chiyero, komanso kutentha kwambiri komanso mphamvu yotentha kwambiri.
Ntchito zake: Kupanga mochuluka mphete zotsekera zolimba komanso zosagwira dzimbiri; Chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu, mphamvu yake yotsika, komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino a ballistic, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zida zoteteza zipolopolo zamagalimoto ndi zombo, komanso kuteteza ma safes a anthu wamba ndi magalimoto onyamula ndalama. Kukana kwake kugundana kwambiri ndikwabwino kuposa zida wamba za SiC, ndipo malo osweka a zida zoteteza zopepuka za cylindrical amatha kufika matani opitilira 65.
2. Zoumba za SiC zozungulira zomwe zimayatsidwa ndi Reaction (RB SiC)
Ubwino waukulu: Kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kwa makina, mphamvu zambiri, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kukana okosijeni; Kutentha kochepa komanso mtengo wotsika wa kuyaka, zomwe zimatha kupanga pafupifupi kukula konse. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusakaniza gwero la kaboni ndi ufa wa SiC kuti apange billet. Pa kutentha kwakukulu, silicon yosungunuka imalowa mu billet ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi kaboni kuti ipange β - SiC, yomwe imaphatikizana ndi α - SiC yoyambirira ndikudzaza ma pores. Kusintha kwa kukula panthawi ya kuyaka ndi kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kupanga zinthu zovuta m'mafakitale.
Ntchito zachizolowezi: Zipangizo za uvuni wotentha kwambiri, machubu owala, zosinthira kutentha, ma nozzles otulutsa sulfurization; Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kochepa kwa kutentha, ma modulus okwera, komanso mawonekedwe ake ofanana ndi ukonde, yakhala chinthu choyenera kwambiri chowonetsera malo; Ikhozanso kusintha galasi la quartz ngati chothandizira machubu amagetsi ndi zida zopangira ma chip a semiconductor.
3. Zoumba za SiC zotenthedwa ndi kutentha (HP SiC)
Ubwino waukulu: Kusakaniza kofanana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri, ufawo uli mu mkhalidwe wa thermoplastic, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zisamutsidwe mochuluka. Umatha kupanga zinthu zokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, komanso zinthu zabwino zamakanika pa kutentha kochepa komanso m'nthawi yochepa, ndipo ukhoza kukhala wochuluka kwambiri komanso pafupifupi wokhawokha.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwachizolowezi: Poyamba ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma vesti osapsa zipolopolo kwa ogwira ntchito ku helikopita aku US panthawi ya Nkhondo ya Vietnam, msika wa zida unasinthidwa ndi boron carbide yotentha; Pakadali pano, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo omwe ali ndi phindu lalikulu, monga minda yomwe ili ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakulamulira kapangidwe kake, kuyera, ndi kuchulukana, komanso minda yamakampani a nyukiliya yomwe singathe kusweka komanso yosawonongeka.
4. Zoumba za SiC zobwezeretsedwanso (R-SiC)
Ubwino waukulu: Palibe chifukwa chowonjezera zothandizira kusungunula, ndi njira yodziwika bwino yokonzekera zida zazikulu za SiC zoyera kwambiri. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusakaniza ufa wosalala ndi wosalala wa SiC molingana ndikuwupanga, ndikuwusungunula mumlengalenga wopanda mpweya pa 2200 ~ 2450 ℃. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasanduka nthunzi ndikuwunjikana pakakhudzana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kuti tipange zinthu zadothi, zomwe zimakhala zolimba kwambiri kuposa diamondi. SiC imasunga mphamvu yotentha kwambiri, kukana dzimbiri, kukana okosijeni, komanso kukana kutentha.
Ntchito zodziwika bwino: Mipando ya uvuni yotentha kwambiri, zosinthira kutentha, ma nozzles oyatsa; Mu malo oyendera ndege ndi ankhondo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zomangira ndege monga mainjini, zipsepse zakumbuyo, ndi fuselage, zomwe zingathandize kuti zida zigwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti zikhale ndi moyo wautali.
5. Silikoni yolowetsedwa mu SiC ceramics (SiSiC)
Ubwino waukulu: Woyenera kwambiri popanga mafakitale, wokhala ndi nthawi yochepa yowotcha, kutentha kochepa, wokhuthala mokwanira komanso wosasinthika, wopangidwa ndi SiC matrix ndi gawo lolowetsedwa la Si, logawidwa m'njira ziwiri: kulowa kwamadzimadzi ndi kulowa kwa mpweya. Yotsirizirayi ili ndi mtengo wokwera koma kukhuthala kwabwino komanso kufanana kwa silikoni yaulere.
Ntchito zodziwika bwino: kufooka pang'ono, kusalowa mpweya bwino, komanso kukana pang'ono zimathandiza kuchotsa magetsi osasinthasintha, oyenera kupanga zida zazikulu, zovuta kapena zopanda kanthu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zida zopangira semiconductor; Chifukwa cha modulus yake yolimba kwambiri, yopepuka, yamphamvu kwambiri, komanso yosalowa mpweya bwino, ndi chinthu chomwe chimakonda kwambiri m'munda wa ndege, chomwe chimatha kupirira katundu m'malo ozungulira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zidazo ndi zolondola komanso zotetezeka.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-02-2025