Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramicstau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm high-temperature structural ceramics vim lawv cov thermal expansion coefficient, siab thermal conductivity, siab hardness, thiab zoo heev thermal thiab tshuaj stability. Lawv tau siv dav hauv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb xws li aerospace, nuclear zog, tub rog, thiab semiconductors.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev sib cog lus muaj zog heev thiab qis diffusion coefficient ntawm SiC ua rau nws cov densification nyuaj. Txog rau qhov kawg no, kev lag luam tau tsim ntau yam sintering thev naus laus zis, thiab SiC ceramics npaj los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv muaj qhov sib txawv loj hauv microstructure, cov khoom, thiab cov ntawv thov scenarios. Ntawm no yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm tsib lub ntsiab ntawm silicon carbide ceramics.
1. Tsis siab sintered SiC ceramics (S-SiC)
Core zoo: Haum rau ntau yam txheej txheem molding, tus nqi qis, tsis txwv los ntawm cov duab thiab qhov loj, nws yog txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws sintering kom ua tiav ntau lawm. Los ntawm kev ntxiv boron thiab carbon rau β - SiC uas muaj cov pa oxygen thiab sintering nws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw inert nyob ib ncig ntawm 2000 ℃, sintered lub cev nrog ib tug theoretical ntom ntawm 98% tau. Muaj ob txheej txheem: cov theem khoom thiab theem ua kua. Cov yav tas muaj ntau dua ntom ntom thiab purity, nrog rau siab thermal conductivity thiab siab kub lub zog.
Cov ntawv thov: Cov khoom loj ntawm hnav-tiv taus thiab corrosion-resistant sealing rings thiab zawv zawg bearings; Vim nws muaj zog hardness, tsis tshua muaj lub ntiajteb txawj nqus, thiab zoo ballistic kev ua tau zoo, nws yog dav siv los ua mos txwv armor rau tsheb thiab nkoj, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv pej xeem kev nyab xeeb thiab nyiaj ntsuab thauj tsheb. Nws cov kev sib tsoo ntau yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau SiC ceramics zoo tib yam, thiab qhov tawg ntawm cov cylindrical hnav tiv thaiv armor tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 65 tons.
2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sintered SiC ceramics (RB SiC)
Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb: kev ua haujlwm zoo heev, lub zog siab, corrosion kuj, thiab oxidation kuj; Tsawg sintering kub thiab tus nqi, muaj peev xwm tsim nyob ze net loj. Cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev sib xyaw cov pa roj carbon nrog SiC hmoov los tsim cov pob zeb. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, molten silicon infiltrates lub billet thiab reacts nrog carbon los tsim β - SiC, uas ua ke nrog cov thawj α - SiC thiab sau cov pores. Kev hloov pauv loj thaum lub sij hawm sintering yog me me, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xws.
Cov ntawv thov: Cov khoom siv kub kub kub, cov raj xa hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, cov desulfurization nozzles; Vim nws tsis tshua muaj thermal expansion coefficient, siab elastic modulus, thiab nyob ze net tsim cov yam ntxwv, nws tau dhau los ua cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov chaw reflectors; Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov quartz iav ua ib qho kev txhawb nqa rau cov raj hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv semiconductor nti.
3. Kub nias sintered SiC ceramics (HP SiC)
Core kom zoo dua: Synchronous sintering nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias siab, cov hmoov yog nyob rau hauv ib tug thermoplastic lub xeev, uas yog conducive rau huab hwm coj hloov. Nws tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov nplej zoo, siab ntom ntom, thiab cov khoom siv zoo, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav cov ntom ntom thiab ze lub xeev ntshiab.
Daim ntawv thov: Ameslikas siv los ua cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv rau US cov neeg ua haujlwm nyoob hoom qav taub thaum Tsov Rog Nyab Laj, kev ua lag luam armor tau hloov los ntawm kub nias boron carbide; Tam sim no, nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej muaj nqis ntxiv, xws li cov teb uas muaj cov kev xav tau siab heev rau kev tswj hwm, purity, thiab densification, nrog rau kev hnav-resistant thiab nuclear kev lag luam teb.
4. Recrystallized SiC ceramics (R-SiC)
Core kom zoo dua: Tsis tas yuav ntxiv cov khoom siv sintering, nws yog ib txoj hauv kev los npaj ultra-siab purity thiab loj SiC. Cov txheej txheem suav nrog kev sib xyaw ntxhib thiab nplua SiC hmoov hauv kev faib ua feem thiab tsim lawv, sintering lawv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw inert ntawm 2200 ~ 2450 ℃. Fine particles evaporate thiab condense ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm coarse hais los ua ceramics, nrog ib tug hardness thib ob rau pob zeb diamond. SiC khaws cia siab kub lub zog, corrosion kuj, oxidation tsis kam, thiab thermal shock kuj.
Daim ntawv thov: Kub kub kiln rooj tog, tshav kub exchangers, combustion nozzles; Hauv thaj chaw aerospace thiab tub rog, nws yog siv los tsim cov khoom siv dav hlau xws li cav, tail fins, thiab fuselage, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab kev pabcuam lub neej.
5. Silicon infiltrated SiC ceramics (SiSiC)
Cov ntsiab lus zoo: Feem ntau haum rau kev lag luam ntau lawm, muaj cov si luv luv, muaj kev sib cais, muab faib ua ob qho txheej txheem: kua infiltration thiab roj infiltration. Cov tom kawg muaj tus nqi siab dua tab sis zoo dua qhov ntom thiab sib xws ntawm silicon dawb.
Cov ntawv thov: tsis tshua muaj porosity, zoo airtightness, thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tshem tawm cov hluav taws xob zoo li qub, tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom loj, complex lossis hollow, dav siv hauv cov khoom siv semiconductor; Vim nws qhov siab elastic modulus, lub teeb yuag, lub zog siab, thiab zoo heev airtightness, nws yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv aerospace teb, uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig thiab ua kom cov khoom raug thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-02-2025