Kwiimeko ezininzi zemveliso yemizi-mveliso, iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu zixhaphakile kodwa zinzima kakhulu. Nokuba ngamalangatye avuthayo ngexesha lokunyibilikisa intsimbi, izitofu ezinobushushu obuphezulu ekuvelisweni kweglasi, okanye ii-reactor ezinobushushu obuphezulu ekuvelisweni kweekhemikhali, iimfuno ezingqongqo zibekwe kukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kwezinto. Kukho izinto ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwezi ndawo zobushushu obuphezulu kwaye azinakubethwa ngoyaba, nto leyoiibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezingatshisi ubushushu.
I-silicon carbide, ngokwembono yokwakheka kweekhemikhali, yi-compound eyenziwe ngezinto ezimbini: i-silicon (Si) kunye ne-carbon (C). Nangona igama elithi 'silicon' livela egameni layo, imbonakalo yayo yahlukile kakhulu kwizinto ze-silicon esizibona kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. I-silicon carbide idla ngokubonakala njengeekristale ezimnyama okanye eziluhlaza, ezinobume obuqinileyo kunye nobunzima obuphezulu. Xa isetyenziselwa ukukrwela iglasi, iya kushiya amabala kwiglasi ngokulula, njengokusika ibhotolo ngemela encinci.
Isizathu sokuba iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zibonakale kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kungenxa yoluhlu lweempawu zazo ezintle kakhulu. Okokuqala, inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu, kunye nendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba inokuhlala izinzile kwiindawo zoshishino ezinobushushu obuphezulu kwaye ayizukuthamba, itshintshe, okanye inyibilike ngokulula. Xa ubushushu obungaphakathi kwesithando sokunyibilikisa intsimbi bunyuka ngokukhawuleza, ezinye izinto zisenokuba sele ziqalile "ukuthwala umthwalo", kodwa iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zinokuhlala "zimi" kwaye zithwale uxanduva lokukhusela umzimba wesithando kunye nokugcina imveliso.
Uzinzo lweekhemikhali lweebhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu nalo lubalasele kakhulu. Lunokumelana okuhle kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali, kwaye kunzima ukuba ii-asidi ezinamandla ezibolayo okanye izinto ze-alkaline zenze umonakalo kuyo. Kwimveliso yeekhemikhali, iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezibolayo zihlala zidibana nazo. Ukusebenzisa iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu njengengqiniba yezixhobo zokusabela kunokuthintela ngempumelelo izixhobo ekubeni zibole, kwandise ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo, kwaye kunciphise iindleko zemveliso.
Ukongeza kwezi mpawu zingasentla, iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu nazo zinokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kunye namandla aphezulu. Kwezinye iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuguguleka kwezinto, ezifana nezihluli ze-cyclone kunye nezitofu ze-calcination kwizityalo zesamente, iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zinokunciphisa ilahleko ezibangelwa kukungqubana kwezinto ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezimelana nokuguguleka, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo. Amandla ayo aphezulu ayenza ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluthile kunye namandla empembelelo, igcina ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo kwiindawo zoshishino ezinzima.
Iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso. Kwishishini lentsimbi, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezifana nezitofu zokuqhuma kunye nezitovu ezishushu zokuqhuma. Ngaphakathi kwesithando sokuqhuma, intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-slag eshushu kakhulu ineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zezinto zokubopha. Iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu, ezinokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokukhukuliseka, ziye zaba lukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezixhobo zokubopha, zandisa ubomi benkonzo yesithando sokuqhuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wemveliso yentsimbi. Kwisithando sokuqhuma esishushu, iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zisebenza njengeendawo zokugcina ubushushu, ezinokugcina nokukhulula ubushushu ngokufanelekileyo, zibonelela ngomoya oshushu obushushu ophezulu wesithando sokuqhuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla.
Kwishishini lokunyibilikisa isinyithi esingena-ferrous, njengenkqubo yokunyibilikisa i-aluminium, ubhedu kunye nezinye iintsimbi, iibhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide nazo azinakubaluleka. Ubushushu bokunyibilikisa kwezi zinyithi buphezulu, kwaye iigesi ezahlukeneyo ezirhabaxa kunye ne-slag zenziwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa. Iibhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide zinokuziqhelanisa kakuhle neendawo ezinzima kangaka, zikhusele izixhobo zesithando somlilo, kwaye ziqinisekise ukunyibilikisa okuthambileyo kweentsimbi ezingenanto.
Iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu nazo zibalulekile kumashishini e-ceramic kunye ne-glass. Ukutshisa nge-ceramic kufuneka kwenziwe kwii-oven ezishushu kakhulu. Ii-kilns ezenziwe ngeebhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu, ezifana neebhodi zeshedi, iibhokisi, njl.njl., azinakumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kuphela, kodwa zikwaqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokufana kweemveliso ze-ceramic ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshisa, nto leyo enceda ukuphucula umgangatho weemveliso ze-ceramic. Kwii-oven ezinyibilikisa iglasi, iibhloko ze-silicon carbide ezimelana nobushushu zisetyenziselwa ii-lining kunye namagumbi okugcina ubushushu, anokumelana nokukhukuliseka kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokukhuhla ulwelo lweglasi, ngelixa ephucula ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu be-oven kwaye enciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini, amathuba okusetyenziswa kweebhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide aya kuba banzi nangakumbi. Kwelinye icala, abaphandi bahlala behlola iinkqubo ezintsha zokulungiselela kunye netekhnoloji ukuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kweebhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Umzekelo, ngokwamkela inkqubo entsha yokusila, uxinano kunye nolwakhiwo lweebhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide zinokunyuswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwazo ngokubanzi. Kwelinye icala, ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwamashishini asakhasayo afana namandla amatsha kunye neenqwelo-moya, imfuno yezinto ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu nayo iyanda, kwaye iibhloko ezimelana nobushushu ze-silicon carbide kulindeleke ukuba zidlale indima enkulu kwezi ndawo.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-02-2025