Ekamelweni elihlanzekile lefektri ye-semiconductor, ama-wafer amnyama akhanya ngokukhanya kwensimbi acutshungulwa ngokunemba ngamunye ngamunye; Ekamelweni lokusha lenjini yendiza-mkhathi, ingxenye ekhethekile ye-ceramic ibhapathizwa ngomlilo ongu-2000 ℃. Ngemuva kwalezi zigcawu, kukhona into esebenzayo ebizwa ngokuthi “itshe elimnyama lezimboni” –i-silicon carbide ceramics.
Le nto eqinile kakhulu, eyesibili kuphela kwedayimane ngokuqina, ibhala kabusha buthule imithetho yokukhiqiza ephezulu. Ingamelana nemisebe enamandla ye-reactor yenuzi, idlulise ngokushesha amandla kagesi akhuphukayo ezimoto ezintsha zamandla, futhi ibe yinto eyinhloko yokushabalalisa ukushisa kweziteshi zesisekelo ze-5G. Kodwa ngemuva kokusebenza okuhle kangaka, kunenselele engenakuphikwa: ungayilawula kanjani le nto "engalawuleki"?
Izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo zinquma izinselele zokucubungula
Ubunzima bokucubungula i-silicon carbide bufana namaphethini okudweba engilazini. Ubunzima bayo buphindwe kathathu kuya kahlanu kunobobumba obujwayelekile. Amathuluzi okusika avamile afana nokuqopha amapuleti ensimbi ngoshoki, okungagcini nje ngokusebenza kahle okuphansi kodwa futhi okuqhekeka kalula ubuso obufakwe ngomshini. Okuyinkimbinkimbi nakakhulu ukuthi le nto inobuthakathaka obusobala, futhi iphutha elincane lingaphula njengebhisikidi, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni ezinembile ezinobukhulu obungaphansi kwe-millimeter eyi-1, inqubo yokucubungula ingachazwa njengokudansa ocingweni lwensimbi.
Indlela Yokuthuthuka Kokukhiqiza Kwanamuhla
Bebhekene nalezi zinselele, onjiniyela bathuthukise “izindlela ezintathu ezinkulu zokulawula izinto”:
1. Ubuchwepheshe bokubumba isikhunta – inqubo yokucindezela eshisayo efana nokwenza ama-mooncakes, evumela i-silicon carbide powder ukuthi “ivumelane ngokulalela” ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amathuluzi okusika ezimbonini ajwayelekile. Lobu buchwepheshe bufana nokufaka amaketanga esikhunta ezintweni, ukwakha izimo zejometri ezijwayelekile ngaphansi kokulawulwa kokushisa okunembile.
2. Indlela yokusika ngoketshezi – kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bokubumba ngomjovo, i-slurry yezinto ezisetshenziswayo ifakwe esikhumbeni njenge-chocolate sauce, futhi ngokulawula okunembile kwendlela yokugeleza, izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziyizimbobo ziyakhiwa. Le ndlela yenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza ama-nozzle angajwayelekile ama-thruster e-satellite.
3. Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha kabusha i-powder – ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-powder metallurgy ukwakha kabusha isakhiwo esincane sezinto ezifana namabhlogo okwakha, ukudala izivalo ze-nuclear reactor ezihlanganisa amandla nokunemba. Le nqubo ivumela izinto ukuthi "zishintshe" ezingeni lama-molecule, kufezwe ukuthuthukiswa okuqondiwe ekusebenzeni.
Imininingwane ebalulekile yokulungisa ngokunemba
Ukuze uyiqonde kahle le nto, akudingeki imishini ethuthukisiwe kuphela, kodwa futhi nemithetho emithathu yegolide kumele iqondwe: ukwakheka kwesikhunta okunembile, ukuqapha inqubo ngokucophelela, kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphambili kwezinto eziqinile. I-Shandong Zhongpeng ilandela ngokuqinile le mithetho emithathu enkambisweni yokukhiqiza, ilwela ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi nobuningi. Akudingi nje kuphela ukwanda kwesilinganiso somkhiqizo oqediwe, kodwa futhi kudinga ukuthi imikhiqizo eqediwe ihlangabezane nezidingo zamakhasimende ngokuqinile.
Njengamanje, ngokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha njengokucubungula nge-laser kanye nokusika okusizwa yi-ultrasonic, i-silicon carbide ceramics idlula ezithiyo zokugcina zokucubungula. Lokhu kuphumelela akugcini nje ngokuvumela "amatshe ayigugu amnyama" ukuthi aqhubekele ekwakhiweni kwezimboni, kodwa futhi kubonisa ukufika komjikelezo omusha woguquko lwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ezinkampanini zokukhiqiza ezifuna intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, ukucubungula i-silicon carbide kuyinselele futhi kuyithuba. Ukukhetha abalingani bokucubungula abanolwazi olucebile kanye nezinqubo ezintsha kuzoba yisihluthulelo segolide sokuvula umnyango wokukhiqiza okusezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kwaziswa, okwake kwabhekwa 'njengesivimbelo sokucubungula', kulindele amaqhawe engeziwe ukuze embule imfihlakalo yayo yokugcina.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-07-2025