Hauv chav huv ntawm lub Hoobkas semiconductor, cov wafers dub ci ntsa iab nrog cov xim hlau ci ntsa iab raug ua tiav ib qho los ntawm ib qho; Hauv chav sib txuas ntawm lub cav spacecraft, ib qho khoom siv ceramic tshwj xeeb tab tom dhau los ntawm 2000 ℃ nplaim taws kev cai raus dej. Tom qab cov xwm txheej no, muaj cov khoom siv hu ua "kev lag luam dub gemstone" -silicon carbide ceramics.
Cov khoom siv superhard no, thib ob tsuas yog pob zeb diamond hauv qhov nyuaj, tab tom rov sau dua cov cai ntawm kev tsim khoom siab heev. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus cov hluav taws xob muaj zog ntawm cov reactors nuclear, xa cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob sai sai ntawm cov tsheb fais fab tshiab, thiab dhau los ua cov khoom siv cua sov tseem ceeb ntawm 5G chaw nres tsheb. Tab sis tom qab kev ua tau zoo zoo li no, muaj qhov kev sib tw tsis lees paub: yuav ua li cas thiaj li tswj tau cov khoom siv "tsis ruaj khov" no?
Cov khoom siv txiav txim siab txog cov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua cov silicon carbide zoo li cov qauv txiav ntawm iav. Nws qhov nyuaj yog 3-5 npaug ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic ib txwm muaj. Cov cuab yeej txiav ib txwm muaj zoo li cov hlau txiav nrog chalk, uas tsis yog tsuas yog muaj kev ua haujlwm tsawg xwb tab sis kuj yooj yim tawg qhov chaw machined. Qhov nyuaj dua yog tias cov khoom siv no muaj qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov yuam kev me me tuaj yeem tawg nws zoo li lub ncuav qab zib, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom precision nrog qhov tuab tsawg dua 1 millimeter, cov txheej txheem ua tiav tuaj yeem piav qhia tias yog seev cev ntawm hlau hlau.
Txoj Kev Tshiab ntawm Kev Tsim Khoom Niaj Hnub
Ntsib nrog cov teeb meem no, cov engineers tau tsim peb txoj kev loj "ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv":
1. Kev siv tshuab ua pwm - ib txoj kev nias kub zoo ib yam li kev ua ncuav mog qab zib hli, uas ua rau cov hmoov silicon carbide "ua raws li kev mloog lus" nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias siab, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej txiav kev lag luam. Cov thev naus laus zis no zoo li muab cov pwm khi rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, ua cov duab geometric ib txwm nyob rau hauv kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias.
2. Txoj kev txiav cov kua dej - siv cov thev naus laus zis txhaj tshuaj, cov khoom siv slurry raug txhaj rau hauv pwm zoo li cov kua chocolate, thiab los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov kev ntws kom raug, cov qauv hollow nyuaj tau ua tiav. Txoj kev no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov nozzles tsis sib xws rau cov satellite thrusters.
3. Kev siv tshuab ua hmoov rov tsim dua - siv tshuab hmoov metallurgy los tsim cov qauv me me ntawm cov khoom siv xws li cov khoom siv ua vaj tse, tsim cov foob pob hluav taws xob uas muaj zog thiab raug. Cov txheej txheem no tso cai rau cov khoom siv los "hloov pauv" ntawm theem molecular, ua tiav kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom raug
Yuav kom paub siv cov khoom no zoo, tsis yog tsuas yog xav tau cov cuab yeej siv siab heev xwb, tab sis kuj yuav tsum nkag siab peb txoj cai kub: kev tsim pwm kom raug, kev saib xyuas cov txheej txheem kom zoo, thiab kev kho cov khoom ua ntej kom zoo. Shandong Zhongpeng ua raws li peb txoj cai no hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, siv zog rau kev lees paub qhov zoo thiab ntau npaum li cas. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog xav kom nce tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tiav xwb, tab sis kuj xav kom cov khoom tiav ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.
Tam sim no, nrog rau kev siv cov thev naus laus zis tshiab xws li kev ua laser thiab kev txiav ultrasonic pab, silicon carbide ceramics tab tom tawg los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tiav. Cov kev tawg tshiab no tsis yog tsuas yog tso cai rau "cov pob zeb dub" kom txav mus rau kev lag luam tiag tiag, tab sis kuj qhia txog kev tuaj txog ntawm ib puag ncig tshiab ntawm kev hloov pauv khoom siv.
Rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom uas tab tom nrhiav kev tshawb nrhiav thev naus laus zis tshiab, kev ua cov silicon carbide yog ob qho tib si kev sib tw thiab lub cib fim. Kev xaiv cov neeg koom tes ua cov khoom uas muaj kev paub dhau los thiab cov txheej txheem tshiab yuav dhau los ua tus yuam sij kub rau kev qhib lub qhov rooj rau kev tsim khoom siab. Cov khoom siv no, uas ib zaug suav tias yog 'kev ua kom tsis txhob muaj zog', tab tom tos ntau tus phab ej kom tshawb pom nws qhov tsis paub kawg.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-07-2025