Ezweni lokunemba kwemboni yanamuhla, ukuguquguquka okuncane kwezinto zokwakha kuvame ukunquma ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.Izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide, ngezakhiwo zazo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba, ziba “umqaphi oqinile” obalulekile emkhakheni wokukhiqiza osezingeni eliphezulu. Ukumelana okumangalisayo kwezinto zobumba ezithuthukisiwe ekuguqukeni kushintsha amazinga okusebenza kwemishini yokunemba.
1, Ikhodi yesayensi eqinile
I-modulus elastic yezinto ifana nomlawuli wokulinganisa ukuqina, inquma ngqo ikhono layo lokumelana nokuguquguquka ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. I-modulus elastic ye-silicon carbide ceramics ingaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu kunensimbi evamile, okwenza ifane nohlaka lokuqinisa insimbi ezakhiweni lapho icindezelwa – ngisho nangaphansi komthwalo onamandla wemishini esindayo, ukuguqulwa kuyingxenye eyodwa kuphela kwene yezinto zensimbi.
Lokhu kuqina okungavamile kuvela esakhiweni sesibopho esiqinile se-covalent ngaphakathi kwezinto. I-athomu ngayinye yekhabhoni ixhunywe ngokuqinile kuma-athomu amane e-silicon ngokusebenzisana okuqinile, yakha isakhiwo sekristalu senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Lapho amandla angaphandle esebenza, lesi sakhiwo se-lattice esizinzile singasabalalisa ngempumelelo ukucindezeleka nokulawula ukuguqulwa ngaphakathi kwebanga le-micrometer. Emasimini afana namapulatifomu optical anembile kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ye-semiconductor engakwazi ukubekezelela ukuguqulwa, lesi sici siba yisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukunemba.
2, Ifilosofi yezinto zokwakha ehlanganisa ukuqina nokuguquguquka
I-silicon carbide ceramics ayibonisi nje kuphela ukuqina okuphezulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi inokusebenza okumangalisayo okuphelele:
1. Iqinile kodwa ayiqhekeki: Amandla ayo okugoba adlula awensimbi ekhethekile, futhi ngisho nangaphansi kwengcindezi elingana neyendlovu endala emi ngonyawo olulodwa (cishe i-400MPa), isengagcina ubuqotho besakhiwo. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwamandla aphezulu nokuqina okuphezulu kuxazulula inkinga yemboni yokuthi izinto zobumba zendabuko zibuthakathaka.
2. Ukuqina kokushisa njengentaba: I-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwezinto ezibonakalayo iyi-1/4 kuphela yensimbi, futhi ukuguquguquka kosayizi kuncane kakhulu ekwehlukeni kokushisa okungu-200 ℃. Uma ihlanganiswe nokuqhuba kwayo okuhle kakhulu kokushisa, ingalinganisa ngokushesha amazinga okushisa futhi igweme ukuqongelela kokuguquguquka okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kokushisa.
3. Ukungaguquguquki: Ngaphansi kokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo, izinga lokukhukhuleka kwe-silicon carbide liphansi kakhulu kunelezinto zensimbi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ngabe ingaphansi komthwalo ofanayo iminyaka eyishumi, izinguquko zesimo sayo zisengalawulwa ngaphansi komkhawulo wokutholwa kwethuluzi.
3, Inani lobuchwepheshe eliqinile
Leli khono elingavamile lokumelana nokuguquguquka lidala amathuba amasha ezimboni:
Ezinhlelweni ze-satellite optical, qiniseka ukuthi isibuko sigcina izinga le-nanometer liphansi ngaphansi kokwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa emkhathini.
Gcina ukunemba kokubekwa kwe-sub micron kwepulatifomu yokunyakaza yemishini yokucubungula i-semiconductor wafer ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.
Gcina ukuzinza kwesimo sejiyometri kwesakhiwo esivaliwe segumbi lokucindezela lemishini yokuhlola olwandle olujulile ngisho nangaphansi kwengcindezi yamanzi ezingeni lekhilomitha.
Siguqula le nzuzo yezinto ezibonakalayo ibe ukuncintisana kwezobuchwepheshe ngezinqubo ezintsha: ukwamukela izindlela zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuningi bezinto ezibonakalayo; Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obunelungelo lobunikazi, ukuqina kuyathuthukiswa ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuqina okuphezulu kakhulu. Iqoqo ngalinye lezinto ezibonakalayo lihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ethunyelwe ihlangabezana noma idlula ngisho nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Namuhla, njengoba ukukhiqiza ngokunemba kuqhubekela phambili ku-nanoscale, i-silicon carbide ceramics ichaza ukuphishekela okuyinhloko kwemboni yanamuhla "ngefilosofi yayo eqinile" - isebenzisa ukuzinza okuphelele kwezinto zokwakha ukusekela amathuba angenamkhawulo okukhiqiza. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, okubonisa ukuhlakanipha kwesayensi yezinto zokwakha, kuzoqhubeka nokufaka umfutho omusha "wokusebenzisa ukuqina ukunqoba ukuguquguquka" ekukhiqizeni imishini ephezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-29-2025