Mu isi y’inganda zigezweho zikora neza, imiterere mito y’ibikoresho akenshi ni yo igaragaza imikorere myiza y’ibikoresho.Ibumba rya karubide rya silikoni, hamwe n’imiterere yazo yihariye, zirimo kuba "umurinzi ukomeye" w’ingenzi mu nganda zigezweho. Kuba ibikoresho bya kera bigezweho birwanya kwangirika birimo kuvugurura amahame ngenderwaho y’imikorere y’ibikoresho bigezweho.
1, Kode y'ubumenyi ihamye
Uburyo bwo gupima ubukana bw'ibikoresho ni nk'umurongo upima ubukana bwabyo, ukagena neza ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kurwanya ubukana bw'ibintu mu gihe cy'ubukana. Uburyo bwo gupima bw'ibikoresho bya silikoni karubide buruta inshuro eshatu ubw'icyuma gisanzwe, bigatuma bisa n'icyuma gikomeza ibyuma mu nyubako iyo bishyizwemo igitutu - ndetse no mu gihe cy'ibikoresho biremereye, ubukana bw'ibikoresho ni kimwe cya kane gusa cy'ibikoresho by'icyuma.
Uku gukomera kudasanzwe guturuka ku miterere ikomeye y’umugozi uri mu bikoresho. Buri atome ya karuboni ihujwe cyane na atome enye za silikoni binyuze mu mikoranire ikomeye, igakora imiterere ya kristale y’urusobe rw’ibice bitatu. Iyo imbaraga zo hanze zikoze, iyi miterere ihamye ya lattice ishobora gukwirakwiza neza stress no kugenzura imihindagurikire y’ibintu mu rwego rwa mikorometero. Mu nzego nka platforms za optique zigezweho n’ibikoresho byo gukora semiconductor bidashobora kwihanganira imihindagurikire y’ibintu, iyi miterere iba ingenzi mu kwemeza ko ari ukuri.
2, Filozofiya y'ibikoresho ihuza gukomera no koroha
Ibumba rya silicon carbide ntirigaragaza gusa gukomera cyane, ahubwo rinagira imikorere myiza cyane:
1. Ikomeye ariko ntiyoroshye gucika: Ingufu zayo zirenze iz'icyuma cyihariye, ndetse no mu gihe ifite igitutu kingana n'icy'inzovu ikuze ihagaze ku kirenge kimwe (hafi 400MPa), iracyashobora kugumana imiterere yayo. Uku guhuza imbaraga nyinshi n'ubudahangarwa bwinshi bikemura ikibazo cy'inganda zikoresha ibikoresho gakondo byo mu bwoko bwa ceramics.
2. Gukomera k'ubushyuhe nk'umusozi: Igipimo cyo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho ni 1/4 cy'icyuma, kandi ihindagurika ry'ingano ni rito mu kinyuranyo cy'ubushyuhe cya 200 ℃. Iyo ihujwe n'uburyo bwayo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe, ishobora kuringaniza vuba ubushyuhe no kwirinda kwiyongera kw'ubushyuhe guterwa n'imbaraga z'ubushyuhe.
3. Kudahinduka: Mu gihe cy'umuvuduko uhoraho, umuvuduko wo guhindagurika kwa silicon carbide uba uri munsi y'urugero rubiri rw'ubunini bw'ibikoresho by'icyuma. Ibi bivuze ko nubwo byaba bikorerwa umutwaro umwe mu gihe cy'imyaka icumi, impinduka z'imiterere yabyo zishobora kugenzurwa munsi y'umupaka ntarengwa wo kumenya igikoresho.
3, Agaciro gakomeye k'ikoranabuhanga
Ubu bushobozi budasanzwe bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere burimo guhanga amahirwe mashya y’inganda:
Muri sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga rya satelite, menya neza ko indorerwamo igumana ubugari bw'urugero rwa nanometero mu gihe ubushyuhe bukabije mu kirere butandukaniyeho.
Gukomeza gushyira neza aho urubuga rw'ibikoresho byo gutunganya wafer bya semiconductor ruhagaze mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa ryihuse cyane.
Gukomeza imiterere y’imiterere ifunze y’icyumba cy’umuvuduko w’ibikoresho byo gushakisha mu nyanja nini ndetse no munsi y’umuvuduko w’amazi uri ku rwego rwa kilometero.
Duhindura iyi nyungu y'ibikoresho mo ipiganwa mu ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu nzira zigezweho: gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora kugira ngo twongere ubucucike bw'ibikoresho; Dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ry’ipatanti, gukomera birushaho kwiyongera mu gihe bigumana ubukomere bwinshi cyane. Buri gice cy'ibikoresho gikorerwa isuzuma rikomeye kugira ngo harebwe ko ibicuruzwa bitangwa byujuje cyangwa birengeje ibyo abakiriya bakeneye.
Muri iki gihe, mu gihe gukora ibikoresho bigezweho bijya ku rugero rwo hejuru, ibikoresho bya silikoni birimo gusobanura intego nyamukuru y’inganda zigezweho hamwe n’ “filozofiya ikomeye” – hakoreshejwe uburyo buhamye bwo gukora ibikoresho kugira ngo bishyigikire amahirwe atagira ingano yo gukora. Iri terambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, rigaragaza ubwenge bw’ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho, rizakomeza gushyira imbaraga mu “gukoresha uburyo buhamye kugira ngo ritsinde ubworoherane” mu gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 29 Mata 2025