Hauv lub ntiaj teb kev ua haujlwm tseeb ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no, qhov kev hloov pauv me me ntawm cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv.Cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramics, nrog lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb, tab tom dhau los ua tus "neeg saib xyuas ruaj khov" tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom siab. Cov khoom siv ceramic siab heev qhov kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb rau kev hloov pauv yog rov txhais cov qauv kev ua tau zoo rau cov khoom siv precision.
1. Cov lej tshawb fawb ruaj khov
Lub modulus elastic ntawm ib yam khoom zoo li tus pas ntsuas kev nruj, txiav txim siab ncaj qha nws lub peev xwm los tiv taus kev hloov pauv hauv qab kev ntxhov siab. Lub modulus elastic ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog ntau dua peb npaug ntawm cov hlau ib txwm, uas ua rau nws zoo ib yam li cov hlau txhawb nqa pob txha hauv cov tsev thaum raug kev nyuaj siab - txawm tias nyob rau hauv lub nra hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv hnyav, qhov kev hloov pauv tsuas yog 1/4 ntawm cov khoom siv hlau.
Qhov kev khov kho tshwj xeeb no yog los ntawm cov qauv sib txuas lus muaj zog hauv cov khoom siv. Txhua lub atom carbon yog txuas nrog plaub lub silicon atoms los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam muaj zog, tsim cov qauv siv lead ua ke peb-seem. Thaum cov zog sab nraud ua haujlwm, cov qauv lattice ruaj khov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tswj kev hloov pauv hauv micrometer ntau. Hauv cov teb xws li cov platform optical precision thiab cov khoom siv semiconductor uas tsis muaj kev zam rau kev hloov pauv, tus cwj pwm no dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom raug.
2, Lub tswv yim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muab kev ruaj khov thiab kev ywj pheej
Silicon carbide ceramics tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom pom tseeb tias muaj kev ruaj khov heev, tab sis kuj muaj kev ua tau zoo heev:
1. Ruaj tab sis tsis tawg yooj yim: Nws lub zog khoov ntau dua li cov hlau tshwj xeeb, thiab txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov siab sib npaug li tus ntxhw laus sawv ntawm ib txhais taw (kwv yees li 400MPa), nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub zog siab thiab kev ruaj khov siab no daws qhov teeb meem kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv ceramic ib txwm muaj kev puas tsuaj.
2. Kev ruaj khov thermal zoo li lub roob: Cov coefficient thermal expansion ntawm cov khoom tsuas yog 1/4 ntawm cov hlau, thiab qhov hloov pauv loj yog tsawg heev hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm 200 ℃. Ua ke nrog nws cov thermal conductivity zoo heev, nws tuaj yeem sib npaug sai sai qhov kub thiab txias thiab zam kev sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thermal.
3. Tsis deformation: Nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab tas mus li, qhov nrawm ntawm silicon carbide yog ob qho kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj me qis dua li ntawm cov khoom siv hlau. Qhov no txhais tau tias txawm tias raug tib lub nra hnyav rau kaum xyoo, nws cov duab hloov pauv tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qis dua qhov txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej nrhiav tau.
3, Tus nqi thev naus laus zis ruaj khov
Lub peev xwm tshwj xeeb no los tiv taus kev hloov pauv no tab tom tsim cov hauv kev lag luam tshiab:
Hauv cov tshuab kho qhov muag satellite, xyuas kom meej tias daim iav tswj tau qib nanometer tiaj tus nyob rau hauv qhov kub sib txawv heev hauv qhov chaw.
Tswj qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw sub micron ntawm lub platform txav ntawm cov khoom siv ua semiconductor wafer thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ceev.
Tswj qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv kaw ntawm lub chamber siab ntawm cov khoom siv tshawb nrhiav dej tob txawm tias nyob hauv qab dej siab txog kilometer.
Peb hloov qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv no mus ua kev sib tw thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshiab: kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom siab heev los txhim kho qhov ceev ntawm cov khoom siv; Los ntawm kev siv cov thev naus laus zis patent siab heev, kev tawv tawv tau txhim kho thaum tseem tswj tau qhov ruaj khov heev. Txhua pawg ntawm cov khoom siv raug kuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom xa tuaj ua tau raws li lossis tshaj qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
Niaj hnub no, thaum kev tsim khoom raug txav mus rau nanoscale, silicon carbide ceramics tab tom txhais cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub nrog nws "kev xav ruaj khov" - siv qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los txhawb nqa cov peev xwm tsis kawg ntawm kev tsim khoom. Qhov kev tshawb fawb thev naus laus zis no, uas ua rau muaj kev txawj ntse ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub ntawv, yuav txuas ntxiv txhaj tshuaj tshiab ntawm "siv kev ruaj khov los kov yeej kev ywj pheej" rau hauv kev tsim khoom siv siab.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-29-2025