Ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni, amapayipi afana “nemithambo yegazi” yemishini, enesibopho sokuthutha izinto “ezishisayo” njengesihlabathi, amatshe ayigugu, namagesi okushisa okuphezulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izindonga zangaphakathi zamapayipi avamile ziyaguga kalula futhi zingase zivuze, zidinga ukulungiswa njalo nokushintshwa, futhi zingase zilibazise inqubekela phambili yokukhiqiza. Eqinisweni, ukwengeza ungqimba “lwezingubo zokuzivikela ezikhethekile” epayipini kungaxazulula inkinga, okuyiulwelwesi lwamapayipi e-silicon carbidesizokhuluma ngakho namuhla.
Abanye abantu bangase babuze, uyini ngempela umsuka we-silicon carbide ceramics ezizwakala “ziqinile”? Kalula nje, iyinto eyenziwe nge-ceramic eyenziwe ngezinto eziqinile njenge-silicon carbide ngezinqubo ezikhethekile, futhi isici sayo esikhulu “ukuqina”: ubulukhuni bayo bulandela idayimane kuphela, futhi ingamelana nokuguguleka kwesihlabathi kanye namatshe kanye nezinto ezibolayo kancane kancane, ngokungafani nezinsimbi zensimbi ezivamile ezivame ukugqwala nokuguguleka, futhi futhi imelana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nemithelela kunezinsimbi zepulasitiki.
Ingqikithi yokufaka ulwelwesi lwe-silicon carbide emapayipini ukwengeza "umgoqo oqinile" odongeni lwangaphakathi. Lapho ufaka, asikho isidingo sokwenza umzamo omkhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, izingcezu ze-silicon carbide ezenziwe kusengaphambili ziboshelwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepayipi ngezinamathiselo ezikhethekile ukuze kwakhiwe ungqimba oluphelele lokuvikela. Lolu 'ngqimba' 'lomgoqo' lungase lungabonakali lubanzi, kodwa umsebenzi walo uwusizo kakhulu:
Okokuqala, 'ukumelana nokuguguleka okugcwele'. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuthutha izinhlayiya ze-ore ezinemiphetho ebukhali noma i-slurry egeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, ubuso be-silicon carbide lining bubushelelezi kakhulu. Lapho izinto zidlula, ukungqubuzana kuncane, okungagcini nje ngokulimaza i-lining, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukumelana ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa kwezinto, okwenza ukuthuthwa kube bushelelezi. Amapayipi ajwayelekile angadinga ukulungiswa ngemva kwengxenye yonyaka yokuguguleka, kuyilapho amapayipi ane-silicon carbide lining angandisa kakhulu impilo yawo yenkonzo, anciphise ubunzima kanye nezindleko zokushintsha amapayipi okuphindaphindiwe.
Bese kuba khona “ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okuphindwe kabili”. Ezimweni eziningi zezimboni, izinto ezihanjiswayo ziphethe izingxenye ezigqwalisayo njenge-asidi ne-alkali, futhi izinga lokushisa aliphansi. Izindwangu ezijwayelekile ziyagqwala futhi ziqhekeke, noma ziphazamiseke ngokubhaka okushisa okuphezulu. Kodwa i-silicon carbide ceramics ngokwayo inezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile futhi ayikwesabi ukuguguleka kwe-asidi ne-alkali. Ngisho noma ivezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu angama-degree Celsius angamakhulu amaningana, ingagcina isimo esizinzile, okwenza ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi “ezindaweni ezinzima” njengamakhemikhali, i-metallurgical, kanye nezimayini.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile “akukho ukukhathazeka futhi akukho mzamo”. Amapayipi afakwe i-silicon carbide awadingi ukuvalwa njalo ukuze kulungiswe, futhi kulula futhi ukuwanakekela – indawo engaphezulu ayithambekele ekukhuleni noma ekulengeni izinto, futhi idinga ukuhlanzwa kancane njalo. Kwamabhizinisi, lokhu kusho ukunciphisa ingozi yokuphazamiseka kokukhiqiza nokusindisa izindleko eziningi zomsebenzi nezokulungisa izinto, okulingana “nokufakwa kanye kuphela, okungenakukhathazeka isikhathi eside”.
Abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi ulwelwesi oluqinile kangaka lubiza kakhulu? Eqinisweni, ukubala "i-akhawunti yesikhathi eside" kusobala: yize izindleko zokuqala zolwelwesi olujwayelekile ziphansi, zidinga ukushintshwa njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu; Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kolwelwesi lwe-silicon carbide kuphakeme kancane, kodwa kungasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingana, kanti izindleko ezimaphakathi ngosuku empeleni ziphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungagwema ukulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza okubangelwa umonakalo wepayipi, kanti ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko empeleni kuphezulu kakhulu.
Namuhla, ulwelwesi lwamapayipi e-silicon carbide luye lwaba “isixazululo esithandwayo” sokuvikela amapayipi ezimboni, kusukela ezinsikeni ezithwala amapayipi ezimayini, kuya kumapayipi ezinto ezibolayo embonini yamakhemikhali, kuya kumapayipi egesi e-flue ashisa kakhulu embonini yamandla, ukuba khona kwawo kungabonakala. Kalula nje, kufana “nonogada womuntu siqu” wamapayipi, oqapha buthule ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wezimboni ngobulukhuni bawo nokuqina kwawo – yingakho futhi izinkampani eziningi zizimisele ukuhlomisa amapayipi ngale “ngubo ekhethekile yokuzivikela”.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-22-2025