'Impuguke idashobora kwambara' yihishe mu muyoboro: ni ukubera iki umuyoboro wa karubide ya silicon urimo ibikorwa?

Mu musaruro w’inganda, imiyoboro imeze nk '“imiyoboro y'amaraso” y'ibikoresho, ishinzwe gutwara ibikoresho “bishyushye” nk'umucanga, amabuye, na gaze y'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Igihe kirenze, inkuta zimbere yimiyoboro isanzwe irashaje byoroshye kandi irashobora no gutemba, bisaba kubitaho kenshi no kuyisimbuza, kandi birashobora no kudindiza iterambere. Mubyukuri, kongeramo urwego rw "imyenda idasanzwe yo kurinda" kumuyoboro birashobora gukemura ikibazo, aricyosilicon karbide umuyoborotugiye kuvuga kuri uyu munsi.
Abantu bamwe barashobora kubaza, mubyukuri inkomoko ya silicon karbide ceramics yumvikana "bigoye"? Muri make, ni ibikoresho byubutaka bikozwe mubintu bikomeye nka karubide ya silicon binyuze mubikorwa bidasanzwe, kandi ikintu kinini cyarwo ni "kuramba": ubukana bwayo ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama, kandi irashobora kwihanganira isuri yumucanga na kaburimbo hamwe nibikoresho byangirika bihamye, bitandukanye nibyuma bisanzwe bikunda kwangirika no kwambara, kandi nabyo birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi.
Intandaro yo gushiraho karubide ya silicon iri mumiyoboro ni ukongera "inzitizi ikomeye" kurukuta rwimbere. Mugihe ushyiraho, ntabwo bikenewe gukora imbaraga nini. Igihe kinini, silicon karbide ceramic ceramic yabugenewe ihujwe nurukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro hamwe nudusimba twihariye kugirango dukore urwego rwuzuye rwo kurinda. Uru rwego rwa 'bariyeri' rushobora kutagaragara nkubunini, ariko imikorere yarwo ni ngirakamaro cyane:
Ubwa mbere, ni 'ukurwanya kwambara kwuzuye'. Yaba itwara amabuye y'agaciro afite impande zikarishye cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi utemba, hejuru ya karubide ya silicon iroroshye cyane. Iyo ibikoresho byanyuze hejuru, guterana ni bito, ntabwo byangiza umurongo gusa, ahubwo binagabanya ubukana mugihe cyo gutwara ibintu, bigatuma ubwikorezi bworoha. Imiyoboro isanzwe irashobora gusaba kubungabungwa nyuma yigice cyumwaka cyo kwambara no kurira, mugihe imiyoboro ifite karubide ya silikoni irashobora kongera igihe cyakazi cya serivisi, bikagabanya ibibazo nigiciro cyo gusimbuza imiyoboro inshuro nyinshi.
Noneho hariho "kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru umurongo wa kabiri". Mubintu byinshi byinganda, ibikoresho byatanzwe bitwara ibintu byangirika nka aside na alkali, kandi ubushyuhe ntabwo buri hasi. Imirongo isanzwe irashobora kubora no gucika, cyangwa guhindurwa no guteka ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ariko silicon karbide ceramics ubwayo ifite imiti ihamye kandi ntabwo itinya aside nisuri ya alkali. Ndetse iyo ihuye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa dogere selisiyusi magana, zirashobora kugumana imiterere ihamye, bigatuma ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gukoresha imiyoboro "ahantu habi" nka chimique, metallurgical, na mine.

Indi ngingo y'ingenzi ni "guhangayikishwa n'ubuntu kandi nta mbaraga". Imiyoboro itondekanye na karubide ya silikoni ntisaba guhagarikwa kenshi kugirango ibungabungwe, kandi biroroshye no kuyifata - ubuso ntibukunze gupimwa cyangwa kumanika ibintu, kandi bigomba guhanagurwa gato buri gihe. Ku mishinga, ibi bivuze kugabanya ibyago byo guhagarika umusaruro no kuzigama imirimo myinshi yo kubungabunga no gukoresha ibikoresho, ibyo bikaba bihwanye n "kwishyiriraho rimwe, guhangayika igihe kirekire".
Abantu bamwe bashobora gutekereza ko umurongo muremure uhenze cyane? Mubyukuri, kubara "konti ndende" birasobanutse: nubwo igiciro cyambere cyumurongo usanzwe ari gito, kigomba gusimburwa buri mezi atatu kugeza kuri atanu; Ishoramari ryambere kumurongo wa silicon karbide iri hejuru gato, ariko irashobora gukoreshwa mumyaka itari mike, kandi igiciro cyo kumunsi kiri munsi. Byongeye kandi, irashobora kwirinda igihombo cy'umusaruro uterwa no kwangirika kw'imiyoboro, kandi ikiguzi-cyiza ni kinini cyane.
Muri iki gihe, umurongo wa karubide ya silikoni wahindutse buhoro buhoro “igisubizo cyatoranijwe” mu kurinda imiyoboro y’inganda, kuva umurizo utanga imiyoboro iva mu birombe, kugeza imiyoboro y’ibikoresho byangirika mu nganda z’imiti, kugeza imiyoboro ya gazi y’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru mu nganda z’amashanyarazi, irashobora kuboneka. Muri make, ni nka "umuntu urinda umuntu" imiyoboro, irinda bucece imikorere yumusaruro winganda hamwe nubukomezi bwayo kandi biramba - niyo mpamvu rero ibigo byinshi kandi byinshi byiteguye guha imiyoboro iyi "myenda idasanzwe yo kurinda".