Kwimimandla yemizi-mveliso yokukhusela iikhemikhali, amandla, kunye nokusingqongileyo, iipayipi zifana "nemithambo yegazi" yezixhobo, zihlala zithutha izixhobo ezahlukeneyo eziphambili. Kodwa ezinye iimeko zokusebenza zingabizwa ngokuba "yi-purgatory": iindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu zingenza iintsimbi zithambile, ii-asidi ezinamandla kunye ne-alkalis zinokugqwala iindonga zepayipi, kwaye ulwelo oluqulethe amasuntswana luya kuqhubeka lubola kwaye luguge. Ngeli xesha, iipayipi zemveli zihlala zisokola, ngelixaimibhobho ye-silicon carbidebasombulula ezi ngxaki ngendlela yabo engenakwaphuka.
Ukuzalwa Okunamandla: Iphasiwedi Yokusebenza yeSilicon Carbide
Amandla e-silicon carbide ceramics akwi "genes" zayo - ii-silicon carbide ceramics zaziwa ngokuba yi "black diamond" kwicandelo lezoshishino, zineenzuzo ezintathu eziphambili.
Ubunzima bayo abunakucingelwa, ilandela idayimani kuphela kwaye iphindwe kahlanu kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo. Ijongene nokukhukuliseka kolwelo okuqulethe amasuntswana aqinileyo, ifana nokunxiba “isikrweqe esingagugiyo” esingagugi lula kwaye sinobomi obude kakhulu kuneepayipi zesinyithi. Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, 'yinkosi ezolileyo', nokuba kumaqondo obushushu angamawaka eedigri zeCelsius, isakhiwo sayo sihlala sizinzile, ngokungafaniyo nentsimbi engagqwaliyo efumana amandla aphantsi ngequbuliso kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kancinci. Kwaye inokumelana notshintsho olukhulu kumaqondo obushushu, kwaye ayiyi kuqhekeka nokuba ivele ngequbuliso kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu ebusika.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo "yitalente yayo yokulwa nokugqwala", enokubizwa ngokuba yi-"immune" esekwe kwi-acid. Nokuba zii-asidi ezinamandla ezifana ne-sulfuric acid egxininisiweyo kunye ne-hydrofluoric acid, ubuninzi be-sodium hydroxide kunye neziseko ezinamandla, okanye i-salt spray kunye ne-metal enyibilikisiweyo, kunzima ukugqwala udonga lwayo lwepayipi. Oku kusombulula ingxaki enkulu yokugqwala kunye nokuvuza kwepayipi kwiimeko ezininzi zoshishino.
Xa kuthelekiswa nesithethe: kutheni ithembeke ngakumbi?
Xa kuthelekiswa nemibhobho yendabuko, inzuzo yemibhobho ye-silicon carbide kunokuthiwa "yi-dimensionality reduction strike".
Iipayipi zesinyithi zinobunzima bokuthamba xa kushushu kakhulu kwaye zinokugqwala nge-electrochemical xa zichatshazelwe yi-asidi kunye ne-alkali. Ukungcola kusenokufika ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwezinto ezichanekileyo, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho wazo. Nangona iipayipi zeplastiki zobunjineli zingamelani nokugqwala, umda wazo wokumelana nobushushu uphantsi kakhulu, uhlala ungaphantsi kwama-200 ℃, kwaye zikwanobunzima bokwaluphala nokuqhekeka. Iipayipi zeseramikhi eziqhelekileyo zinobunzima bokugqwala nobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa zigqwala kakhulu kwaye zinokuqhekeka nokuba kukutshintshatshintsha okuncinci kobushushu.
Kwaye iipayipi ze-silicon carbide ziyaziphepha ngokupheleleyo ezi ntsilelo, apho izakhono ezintathu eziphambili zokuqina, ukumelana nobushushu, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala zisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ehlangabezana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno eziphambili zoshishino lwanamhlanje "zokuhlala ixesha elide, ukuzinza, kunye nokugcinwa okuncinci" kweepayipi.
Ukungena kushishino: Ubukho bayo bunokufumaneka kuyo yonke indawo
Kule mihla, iipayipi ze-silicon carbide ziye zaba "ngumgangatho" kwiimeko ezininzi zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo. Kwishishini leekhemikhali, linoxanduva lokuthutha ii-asidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-alkalis ezixineneyo ngaphandle kokutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa; Kwinkqubo yokukhupha i-sulfurization kunye ne-denitrification yezityalo zamandla, inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nomswakama ophezulu kunye neendawo ezirhabaxa, kwaye ubomi bayo benkonzo bungadlula iminyaka eli-10.
Kwiifektri ze-semiconductor, ubumsulwa bayo obuphezulu kakhulu buqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngcoliseko ekuthuthweni kweegesi ezicocekileyo kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe "ngumgangatho wegolide" wokwenziwa kweetships; Kwishishini le-metallurgical, inokuthutha amasuntswana esinyithi ashushu kakhulu kunye neempuphu ze-ore ngaphandle koloyiko lokukhukuliseka nokuguguleka. Kwanakwishishini leenqwelo-moya, imijelo yegesi eshushu kakhulu yeenjini zerokhethi ayinakuphila ngaphandle kwenkxaso yazo.
Ngenxa yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe basekhaya, ixabiso leepayipi ze-silicon carbide liye lehla kakhulu, kwaye zinokuhlengahlengiswa kwiinkalo ezintsha ezifana namandla e-hydrogen kunye ne-aerospace ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zeekhemikhali ezenzelwe wena. Le 'Diamond Warrior' kwiipayipi zoshishino isebenzisa amandla ayo ukukhusela ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwemizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-15-2025