Kuva ku miyoboro y’ubwikorezi kugeza ku binyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu, kuva ku mashyiga ashyushye cyane kugeza ku byuma bikoresha ikirere, ibikoresho bizwi nka "diyama y'inganda" birimo kuvugurura bucece imbibi z'inganda zigezweho.Ibumba rya karubide rya silikoni, ibikoresho bikomeye cyane bifite ubukana bwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama karemano, birimo gutera impinduka mu buryo bucecetse mu nzego zitandukanye nko mu nganda zigezweho, semiconductors, aerospace, n'ingufu nshya bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubukana bukomeye bw'imirasire, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe.
Iyo 'amagufwa akomeye' ahuye n'uburyo bwo gukora ibintu neza
Niba ibikoresho gakondo bya ceramic ari ubururu n'umweru mu bukorikori n'ubukorikori, ibikoresho bya silicon carbide bisa cyane n'amasaha yo mu Busuwisi mu bikoresho by'ubuhanga. Ubukana bwayo bukubye inshuro 3-5 ugereranyije n'ibikoresho bisanzwe bya ceramic, kandi ubu bukana bwegereye diyama karemano butuma inzira yo gukora imashini imeze nk'ishushanya ku byuma - ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gukata birashira ku muvuduko utangaje mu gihe cyo gukata. Igiteye ikibazo kurushaho ni uko imiterere "ikomeye" ya silicon carbide ituma ikunze kwangirika ndetse n'ikosa rito mu gihe cyo gutunganya, cyane cyane ku bice bimwe na bimwe by'inkuta nto bisaba kwitonda kimwe n'ibihangano bya kristalo.
Ariko icyifuzo cy’inganda zigezweho kirimo gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga. Abahanga mu by’imashini basanze ko uburyo bwo gukemura iki kibazo ari uguhuza uburyo ibintu bikomera kandi bikagira ubushobozi bwo koroshya ibintu: kubungabunga imiterere y’ibikoresho mu gihe bakoresha uburyo bwo kubigenzura neza mu gihe cyo kubitunganya. Kimwe n’abatetsi bakomeye bamenya ubushyuhe, uburyo bugezweho bwo kubitunganya buhoro buhoro bugabanya ubushyuhe, umuvuduko n’impinduka mu buryo bugezweho.
Imfunguzo eshatu zo gufungura diyama zo mu nganda
1. Gukoresha uburyo bwo gukaranga bushyushye
Ubu ni bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo gutunganya ibumba rya silicon carbide. Ubu buryo bushyira ifu ya silicon carbide cyangwa ifu ivanze mu ibumba rishyushye kandi rikayitunganya mu buryo bushyushye munsi y'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko. Bufite umusaruro mwiza kandi bunoze, kandi bukwiriye gukora ibikoresho binini bya silicon carbide nk'ibikoresho byo gukata, amasahani ya aluminium ashyushye, nibindi.
2. Gutunganya imigozi
Ubu ni uburyo buhendutse kandi bwihuse bwo gukora ibikoresho bya silicon carbide. Ubu buryo buvanga ifu ya silicon carbide n'ibindi bikoresho byongeramo, bukongeramo amazi kugira ngo bukoremo urusenda, hanyuma bugashyirwa mu ifu ikoreshwa mu gushushanya. Hanyuma, itunganywa ikanakorwa binyuze mu kumisha no gushyushya cyane, hamwe n'igihe gito cyo kuyitunganya kandi ihendutse. Ikwiriye gutegura ibice bikomeye kandi byuzuye ubucucike n'ibice bitwara imizigo.
3. Ubuhanga mu by'ibyuma
Gutunganya ifu ni uburyo bwo kuvanga no gushushanya ifu ya silicon carbide mu rugero runaka, hanyuma ukayicukura ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Ubu buryo bufite inzira yoroshye yo gukora, imiterere itandukanye y'ibicuruzwa, n'uburyo bwo kuyitunganya neza cyane, bigatuma ikwiriye gukora ibikoresho bya ceramic bifite imiterere myiza, imbaraga nyinshi, kandi bidashira.
Kuva ku bipimo bya laboratwari kugeza ku musaruro mwinshi ku murongo w’umusaruro, iterambere mu gutunganya ibumba rya silicon carbide rihamya ukuri: nta bikoresho bidashobora gutunganywa, ahubwo ni ikoranabuhanga ritaravugururwa. Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rishya nko gutunganya laser no gusya mikoroonde, iki gikoresho cyari giteye ubwoba kirimo kongera kuvugurura inganda zigezweho, gishyira ingufu zikomeye mu "ruganda rw’abahanga rw’Abashinwa".
Mu nyanja nini y’ubushakashatsi bw’ikirere n’umuraba w’ingufu zisukuye, ibibumbano bya silikoni karubide birimo kwandika inkuru y’inganda z’iki gihe hamwe n’ubwiza bwabyo bwihariye bw’ibikoresho. Iyi ntambara hagati y’ubukana n’ubwenge ishobora kuba icyitegererezo cy’iteka ryose cy’ikiremwamuntu kinyura mu ikoranabuhanga.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mata-09-2025