Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza izimboni, izinto zobumba zibhala inganekwane entsha. Ngokungafani nezitsha zobumba empilweni yansuku zonke, izinto zobumba zezimboni zibonise ukusebenza kwazo okuvelele emikhakheni ebalulekile njenge-metallurgy, ubunjiniyela bamakhemikhali, kanye namandla amasha. I-aluminium oxide, i-silicon nitride, i-zirconium oxide nezinye izinto zinezici zazo, kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngamandla aphelele aqinile "omdlali ojikelezayo",izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbidengokungangabazeki yizona ezingcono kakhulu.
I-Alumina ceramics ifana nezisebenzi zendabuko, ezaziwa ngokuqina kwazo okuphezulu kanye nokungabizi kakhulu, kodwa zivame ukunqotshwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu. I-silicon nitride ceramics, njengezinsimbi ezinembile, inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa, kodwa ingabonisa "izimbambo ezithambile" ezindaweni ezithile ezigqwalisayo. I-Zirconia ceramics ifana namasosha akhethekile, aziwa ngokuqina kwawo okukhulu, kodwa angase "athathe umhlalaphansi" ekuqaleni kwezimpi ezishisa kakhulu nezinde.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izinto zobumba ze-silicon carbide zibonise amandla amangalisayo aphelele. Le nto ekristalu, eyakhiwe ngokuqinile ngama-athomu e-silicon carbon, inezinzuzo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukuhanjiswa kwayo kokushisa okunamandla kakhulu kuyigcina "izolile" ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka okuhle kakhulu kuyenza "ibe nesibindi" ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima, futhi ukuzinza kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwamakhemikhali kufana nesivikelo semvelo, esimelana nokuhlasela kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezigqwalisayo.
Emkhakheni wokuphathwa kokushisa, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa kwe-silicon carbide ceramics kuphindwe kathathu kunensimbi evamile. Leli "thalente lokushabalalisa ukushisa" elingokwemvelo lenza kube ukukhetha okuhle kwama-oven ashisa kakhulu kanye nama-semiconductor substrates. Njengoba ibhekene nenselele yokuguguleka, ubulukhuni bayo bomphezulu bulandela idayimane kuphela, okubonisa impilo yenkonzo ende kakhulu ezimweni ezifana nemishini yezimayini kanye namapayipi okuthutha. Okungavamile nakakhulu ukuthi le nto ingagcina umbala wayo wemvelo ngisho nasezindaweni ezibolayo njenge-asidi enamandla, ivumelane ngokuphelele nezidingo ezikhethekile zemishini yamakhemikhali.
Ngokuthuthuka okunamandla kwemboni entsha yamandla, izitsha zobumba ze-silicon carbide zivula izindawo ezintsha zokusetshenziswa. Emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic, iba yinto yokusekela enhle kakhulu engamelani nesimo sezulu; Emgqeni wokukhiqiza ibhethri le-lithium, iguqulwe yaba amapuleti acwebezelayo anembe kakhulu. Leli khono "lokuwela imingcele" livela ekuhlanganisweni kwalo okuhlukile kokusebenza - lingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu ahlala isikhathi eside angu-1350 ℃ futhi lisebenze ngokuzinzile ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu ezingu--60 ℃.
Njengochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe abahileleke kakhulu emkhakheni we-silicon carbide ceramics, sihlala sithuthukisa ukwakheka kwezinto kanye nezinqubo zokusila, ngenkathi sigcina izinzuzo zethu zendabuko, sithuthukisa njalo amandla okusebenza kanye nokunemba kwezinto. Ngokusebenzisa izilinganiso eziqondile zezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha bokusila, imikhiqizo yethu ithuthukise kakhulu ukuthembeka ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, ihlinzeka ngesiqinisekiso sezinto eziqinile kakhulu zemishini yesimanje yezimboni.
Ukukhetha izinto zobumba zezimboni empeleni kufuna ibhalansi phakathi kokusebenza kanye nezindleko. Izibumba ze-silicon carbide, ngezinzuzo zazo ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenzisa kahle izindleko, zichaza kabusha amazinga okukhiqiza ezimbonini - zinciphisa imvamisa yokushintsha ngokuphila isikhathi eside, zinciphisa izindleko zokulungisa ngokusebenza okuzinzile, futhi zenza kube lula ukukhethwa kwemishini ngohlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Lokhu kungaba yisizathu esiyisisekelo sokuthi kungani onjiniyela abaningi bekufaka ohlwini njengezinto ezikhethwayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngentuthuko yezimboni, ukusungula izinto ezintsha ngokuvamile kuyiphuzu eliyisisekelo nelibaluleke kakhulu lokuthuthuka. Ukuvela okuqhubekayo kwe-silicon carbide ceramics akumeleli nje kuphela ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe be-ceramic, kodwa futhi kumemezela elinye igxathu ekusebenzeni kahle kwezimboni. Kulesi sikhathi sokuphishekela ukusebenza okuphezulu, le nto "ecabangayo" ye-ceramic ivula isikhala esisha sobuciko sokukhiqiza kwesimanje.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-06-2025