Hauv kev lag luam kev tsim khoom, cov ntaub ntawv ceramic tab tom sau ib zaj dab neeg tshiab. Tsis zoo li cov hlab ntsha ceramic hauv lub neej txhua hnub, cov khoom siv ceramic kev lag luam tau ua pov thawj lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv cov teb tseem ceeb xws li metallurgy, chemical engineering, thiab lub zog tshiab. Aluminium oxide, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv, tab sis thaum nws los txog rau lub zog muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm "tus neeg ua si txhua tus",silicon carbide ceramicsyog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg.
Cov khoom siv alumina zoo li cov kws ua tes ua taw ib txwm muaj, uas paub txog lawv qhov nyuaj thiab pheej yig, tab sis lawv feem ntau yuav raug kub hnyiab. Cov khoom siv silicon nitride, zoo li cov cuab yeej siv precision, muaj kev tiv thaiv thermal shock zoo heev, tab sis tej zaum yuav muaj "ribs mos" hauv qee qhov chaw corrosive. Cov khoom siv zirconia zoo li cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, uas paub txog lawv qhov kev tawv tawv, tab sis lawv yuav "so haujlwm" thaum ntxov hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua kub thiab ntev.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv, silicon carbide ceramics tau ua pov thawj tias muaj zog heev. Cov khoom siv siv lead ua no, uas tau tsim los ntawm cov silicon carbon atoms, muaj peb qhov zoo tseem ceeb: nws cov thermal conductivity muaj zog heev ua rau nws "nyob twj ywm" hauv qhov kub siab, nws qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo heev ua rau nws "ua siab loj dua" hauv cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hnyav, thiab nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov zoo li lub tiv thaiv ntuj, tiv taus kev nkag mus ntawm ntau yam corrosive media.
Hauv kev tswj hwm thermal, qhov thermal conductivity ntawm silicon carbide ceramics yog peb zaug ntawm cov hlau ib txwm. Qhov "kev txawj ntse dissipation heat" no ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kilns kub thiab cov khoom siv semiconductor. Ntsib nrog qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag, nws qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov thib ob tsuas yog pob zeb diamond, qhia txog lub neej ua haujlwm ntev heev hauv cov xwm txheej xws li cov tshuab mining thiab cov kav dej thauj mus los. Qhov tsis tshua muaj dua yog tias cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem tswj nws cov xim ntuj txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov chaw corrosive xws li cov kua qaub muaj zog, zoo meej rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam fais fab tshiab, silicon carbide ceramics tab tom qhib cov chaw thov tshiab. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, nws dhau los ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa zoo heev; Ntawm cov kab tsim roj teeb lithium, nws tau hloov mus rau hauv cov phaj sintered siab. Lub peev xwm "hla ciam teb" no yog los ntawm nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb - nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub siab ntawm 1350 ℃ thiab ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv qhov chaw txias heev ntawm -60 ℃.
Ua ib tug kws tshaj lij uas koom nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramics, peb pheej ua kom zoo dua cov qauv khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem sintering, thaum tseem tswj peb cov txiaj ntsig ib txwm muaj, txhim kho lub zog kho tshuab thiab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom siv. Los ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom meej thiab cov thev naus laus zis sintering tshiab, peb cov khoom tau txhim kho kev ntseeg tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm nyuaj, muab kev lees paub khoom siv ruaj khov dua rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub.
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv ceramic rau kev lag luam yog qhov tseem ceeb nrhiav kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi. Silicon carbide ceramics, nrog lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev siv nyiaj txiag, tab tom txhais cov qauv ntawm kev tsim khoom lag luam - txo qhov zaus hloov pauv nrog lub neej ntev dua, txo cov nqi txij nkawm nrog kev ua tau zoo ruaj khov dua, thiab ua kom yooj yim xaiv cov khoom siv nrog ntau yam kev siv. Qhov no yuav yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas ntau thiab ntau tus engineers teev nws ua cov khoom siv nyiam.
Thaum peb tham txog kev vam meej hauv kev lag luam, kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Kev hloov pauv tas mus li ntawm silicon carbide ceramics tsis yog tsuas yog sawv cev rau kev tawg paj hauv kev siv tshuab ceramic xwb, tab sis kuj tseem qhia txog lwm qhov kev dhia hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv kev lag luam. Hauv lub caij nyoog no ntawm kev nrhiav kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, cov khoom siv ceramic "xav" no qhib qhov chaw tshiab rau kev tsim khoom niaj hnub.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-06-2025