Kwicandelo lemveliso yemizi-mveliso, izixhobo zeseramikhi zibhala intsomi entsha. Ngokungafaniyo neenqanawa zeseramikhi kubomi bemihla ngemihla, izixhobo zeseramikhi zoshishino zibonakalise ukusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana ne-metallurgy, ubunjineli beekhemikhali, kunye namandla amatsha. I-aluminium oxide, i-silicon nitride, i-zirconium oxide kunye nezinye izinto zineempawu zazo, kodwa xa kufikwa kumandla aqinileyo apheleleyo "omdlali ojikelezayo",iiseramikhi zesilicon carbidengokungathandabuzekiyo zezona zibalaseleyo.
Iiceramics ze-Alumina zifana neengcibi zemveli, ezaziwa ngokuba lukhuni kwazo kakhulu kwaye zifikeleleka lula, kodwa zinobunzima bokunqongophala ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Iiceramics ze-silicon nitride, njengezixhobo ezichanekileyo, zinokumelana kakuhle nokutshayiswa bubushushu, kodwa zinokubonisa "iimbambo ezithambileyo" kwiindawo ezithile ezirhabaxa. Iiceramics ze-Zirconia zifana namajoni emikhosi ekhethekileyo, aziwa ngokuba lukhuni kwazo kakhulu, kodwa "zinokurhoxa" kwasekuqaleni kwimfazwe eshushu kakhulu nehlala ixesha elide.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-silicon carbide ceramics zibonakalise amandla amangalisayo apheleleyo. Le nto yekristale, eyakhiwe ngokuqinileyo ngeeathom ze-silicon carbon, ngokwemvelo ineenzuzo ezintathu eziphambili: ukuhanjiswa kwayo kobushushu obuqinileyo kuyigcina "izolile" kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ukumelana kwayo nokuguguleka okugqwesileyo kuyenza "ibe nesibindi ngakumbi" kwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima, kwaye ukuzinza kwayo okwahlukileyo kweekhemikhali kufana nekhaka lendalo elikhuselayo, elichasa ukuhlaselwa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ezibolayo.
Kwicandelo lolawulo lobushushu, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kwee-silicon carbide ceramics kuphindwe kathathu kunentsimbi eqhelekileyo. Le "talente yokusasaza ubushushu" yendalo yenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwii-ovens ezishushu kakhulu kunye nee-semiconductor substrates. Ijongene nomngeni wokuguguleka, ubulukhuni bayo bomphezulu bulandela idayimani, bubonisa ubomi benkonzo obude kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana noomatshini bemigodi kunye nemibhobho yokuthutha. Okungaqhelekanga ngakumbi kukuba le nto inokugcina umbala wayo wendalo nakwiindawo ezirhabaxa ezifana nee-asidi ezinamandla, ilungelelana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zezixhobo zeekhemikhali.
Ngophuhliso olunamandla lweshishini elitsha lamandla, iiseramikhi zesilicon carbide zivula iindawo ezintsha zokusetyenziswa. Kwicandelo lokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic, iba yinto exhasayo enokuxhathisa imozulu; Kumgca wokuvelisa ibhetri ye-lithium, iguqulwe yaba ziipleyiti ezicociweyo ezichanekileyo. Olu buchule "bokuwela umda" luvela kudibaniso lwayo olukhethekileyo lokusebenza - inokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu angama-1350 ℃ kwaye isebenze ngokuzinzileyo kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu ezingama--60 ℃.
Njengeengcali zobugcisa ezibandakanyeke kakhulu kwicandelo le-silicon carbide ceramics, sihlala siphucula ukwenziwa kwezinto kunye neenkqubo zokusila, ngelixa sigcina iingenelo zethu zemveli, siphucula rhoqo amandla oomatshini kunye nokuchaneka kobukhulu bezinto. Ngokusebenzisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wezinto ezikrwada kunye netekhnoloji entsha yokusila, iimveliso zethu ziphucule kakhulu ukuthembeka phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza ezinzima, zibonelela ngesiqinisekiso sezinto eziqinileyo kwizixhobo zanamhlanje zoshishino.
Ukukhetha izixhobo zeseramikhi zoshishino ngokuyintloko kukufuna ulungelelwano phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko. Iiseramikhi ze-silicon carbide, kunye neenzuzo zazo ezibalaseleyo zokusebenzisa kakuhle iindleko, zichaza ngokutsha imigangatho yemveliso yemizi-mveliso - zinciphisa ukuphindaphinda kokutshintshwa ngobomi obude, zinciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa ngokusebenza okuzinzileyo, kwaye zenza lula ukukhethwa kwezixhobo ngoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Esi sisenokuba sisizathu esiphambili sokuba kutheni iinjineli ezininzi zizidwelisa njengezixhobo ezikhethwayo.
Xa sithetha ngenkqubela phambili kwezoshishino, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kudla ngokuba yeyona nto iphambili nebalulekileyo. Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-silicon carbide ceramics alubonisi nje kuphela impumelelo kwitekhnoloji ye-ceramic, kodwa lukwabonisa elinye inyathelo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso yezimboni. Kweli xesha lokufuna ukusebenza okuphezulu, le zixhobo ze-ceramic "ezicingayo" zivula indawo entsha yokuyila yokuvelisa yanamhlanje.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-06-2025