Mu ishami rinini ry’ubumenyi bw’ibikoresho, ibumba rya silicon carbide ryabaye "inkoramutima" mu nzego nyinshi zigezweho bitewe n’imiterere yaryo myiza nko gukomera cyane, imbaraga nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwiza, no kudahungabana kwa shimi. Kuva ku kirere kugeza ku nganda zikora ibikoresho bya semiconductor, kuva ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu kugeza ku mashini z’inganda, ibumba rya silicon carbide rigira uruhare runini. Mu gutegura ibumba rya silicon carbide, uburyo bwo gushonga ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi kigena imiterere yaryo n’uburyo rikoreshwa. Uyu munsi, tuzareba inzira yo gushonga ya silicon carbide kandi twibande ku gusuzuma ibyiza byihariye byo gushonga.ibumba rya karubide rya silikoni.
Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusya silicon carbide
Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gusya silicon carbide, buri bumwe bufite amahame n'imiterere yabwo yihariye.
1. Gushyushya: Ubu buryo bwo gushyushya bukubiyemo gushyira ifu ya silicon carbide mu ibumba, ugakoresha igitutu runaka mu gihe ushyushya, kugira ngo urangize inzira zo gushyushya no gushyushya icyarimwe. Gushyushya bishobora kubona ceramics za silicon carbide nini ku bushyuhe buke kandi mu gihe gito, zifite ingano nto n'imiterere myiza ya mekanike. Ariko, ibikoresho byo gushyushya bishyushya biragoye, ikiguzi cya silicon ni kinini, ibisabwa mu gukora ni bikomeye, kandi ibice byoroshye gusa bishobora gutegurwa, bigatuma umusaruro uba muke, ku rugero runaka bikagabanya ikoreshwa ryabyo rinini.
2. Gutwika umuvuduko w’ikirere: Gutwika umuvuduko w’ikirere ni inzira yo gutwika karubide ya silikoni binyuze mu kuyishyushya kugeza kuri 2000-2150 ℃ munsi y’umuvuduko w’ikirere n’ikirere kidakora neza, binyuze mu kongeramo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gutwika. Igabanyijemo inzira ebyiri: gutwika ibintu bikomeye n’ugutwika ibintu mu buryo bw’amazi. Gutwika ibintu bikomeye bishobora kugera ku bucucike bwinshi bwa karubide ya silikoni, nta gice cy’ikirahure kiri hagati ya kristu, n’imiterere myiza ya mekanike ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi; Gutwika ibintu mu buryo bw’amazi bifite ibyiza byo kugabanya ubushyuhe, ingano nto y’ibinyampeke, no kunoza imbaraga zo gupfunyika kw’ibikoresho no gukomera kw’ivunika. Gutwika umuvuduko w’ikirere nta mbogamizi ku miterere n’ingano y’ibicuruzwa, ikiguzi gito cyo gukora, n’imiterere myiza y’ibikoresho byose, ariko ubushyuhe bwo gutwika ibintu ni bwinshi kandi ingufu zikoreshwa ni nyinshi.
3. Guhindura imiterere y'ibice: Karuboni ya silikoni yahinduwe bwa mbere na P. Popper mu myaka ya 1950. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo kuvanga ifu ya karuboni na karuboni ya silikoni, no gutegura umubiri w'icyatsi kibisi binyuze mu buryo nko gusya inshinge, gukanda byumye, cyangwa gukanda bikonje bya isostatic. Hanyuma, billet ishyushya kugeza ku bushyuhe burenze 1500 ℃ munsi y'umwuka cyangwa umwuka udafite umwuka, aho silicon ikomeye ishongera muri silikoni y'amazi, yinjira mu mwenge w'ibice by ...
Ibyiza byo Guhindura Uburyo bwo ...
Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo bwo gusya, ibumba rya silicon carbide rikozwe mu buryo bwa reaction sintered rifite ibyiza byinshi by'ingenzi:
1. Ubushyuhe buke bwo gutwika no kugabanya ikiguzi: Ubushyuhe bwo gutwika no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho byo gutwika akenshi buba buri hasi ugereranije n’ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere, bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ibisabwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi ku bikoresho byo gutwika no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu mu gihe cyo gukora, bigabanura neza ikiguzi cyo gukora. Ibi bituma ibikoresho bya silikoni bya silikoni bifite inyungu zikomeye mu bukungu mu musaruro munini.
2. Ingano yegereye ikoreshwa, ikwiriye inyubako zigoye: Mu gihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho, ntabwo bigabanya ingano y'ibikoresho. Iyi miterere ituma biba byiza cyane mu gutegura ibice binini kandi bifite imiterere igoye. Byaba ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa ibikoresho binini by'inganda, ibikoresho bya silikoni bya silikoni bishobora kuzuza neza ibisabwa mu miterere, kugabanya intambwe zikurikiraho zo gutunganya, kunoza imikorere, ndetse no kugabanya igihombo n'izamuka ry'ibiciro biterwa no gutunganya ibikoresho.
3. Ubucucike bw'ibikoresho ku rwego rwo hejuru: Mu kugenzura imiterere y'uburyo ibintu bihinduka mu buryo bukwiye, uburyo bwo gutwika ibintu bushobora gutuma ibintu bihinduka cyane mu buryo bukabije. Ubucucike bw'ibikoresho butuma ibikoresho bikomera cyane, nko gukomera cyane no gukomera, bigatuma bigumana ubuziranenge bw'imiterere y'ibikoresho mu gihe cy'ingufu zikomeye zo hanze. Muri icyo gihe, ubucucike bw'ibikoresho butuma birushaho kudashira no kudashira, bigatuma bikomeza gukora neza mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubikoresha.
4. Gukomera neza mu buhanga bw'ibinyabutabire: Ibikoresho bya silikoni bya karubide bifite ubudahangarwa bwiza ku binyabutabire bikomeye n'ibyuma bishongeshejwe. Mu nganda nka shimi n'ibyuma bishongeshejwe, ibikoresho akenshi bigomba guhura n'ibintu bitandukanye byangiza. Ibikoresho bya silikoni bya karubide bishobora kurwanya neza kwangirika kw'ibi bikoresho, bikagenzura imikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho, bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo kubisana no kubisimbuza, kandi bikongera ubushobozi bwo gukomeza gukora no guhagarara.
Ikoreshwa cyane mu nzego zitandukanye
Kubera izo nyungu, ibikoresho bya silikoni bya silika byakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego nyinshi. Mu rwego rw'ibikoresho byo mu itanura rishyushye cyane, bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi no kwemeza ko amatanura akora neza; Mu bikoresho bihindura ubushyuhe, ubushobozi bwabyo bwiza bwo gutwara ubushyuhe no kurwanya ingese bituma biba amahitamo meza y'ibikoresho; Mu bikoresho bikingira ibidukikije nk'imiyoboro ya desulfurization, bishobora kurwanya kwangirika kw'ibikoresho byangiza no kwemeza ko ibikoresho bihoraho. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho bya silikoni bya silika byakoreshejwe nabyo bigira uruhare runini mu bintu byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka photovoltaic n'ikirere.
Ibumba rya silicon carbide rikozwe mu buryo bwa reaction sintered rifite umwanya ukomeye mu muryango wa silicon carbide ceramic bitewe n'inyungu zaryo zidasanzwe. Bitewe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga no kunoza imikorere, bikekwa ko ibumba rya silicon carbide rikozwe mu buryo bwa reaction sintered rizagaragaza imikorere yaryo myiza mu nzego nyinshi, rigatanga inkunga ikomeye mu bikoresho mu iterambere ry'inganda zitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-13-2025