Ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwezimboni nobuchwepheshe besimanje, ukusebenza kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nezinselelo zezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, ukuzinza kokusebenza kwento ethile kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza nempilo yemishini ehlobene nemikhiqizo.Imikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide, ngokumelana kwazo okuhle kakhulu nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kancane kancane ziba inketho ekahle ezinkambini eziningi zezicelo zokushisa okuphezulu.
I-silicon carbide, ngokombono wesakhiwo samakhemikhali, iyinhlanganisela eyakhiwe izakhi ezimbili: i-silicon (Si) ne-carbon (C). Le nhlanganisela ye-athomu eyingqayizivele inika i-silicon carbide izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele zomzimba namakhemikhali. Ukwakheka kwayo kwekristalu kuzinzile kakhulu, futhi ama-athomu axhunywe eduze ngezibopho eziqinile, enikeza i-silicon carbide amandla okubopha angaphakathi aqinile, okuyisisekelo sokumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
Uma sigxila ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, inzuzo yokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu yemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide ibonakala ngokugcwele. Emkhakheni wezithando zokushisa ezisezingeni eliphezulu zezimboni, izinto zendabuko ze-lining zijwayele ukuthambisa, ukuguquguquka, ngisho nokulimala ngaphansi kokuchayeka kokushisa okuphakeme isikhathi eside, okungathinti nje ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesithando somlilo kodwa futhi kudinga ukushintshwa njalo, ukwanda kwezindleko kanye nobunzima bokulungisa. Indwangu eyenziwe nge-silicon carbide ifana nokubeka "isudi yokuzivikela" eqinile esithandweni somlilo. Emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-1350 ℃, isengakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo ezinzile ngokomzimba namakhemikhali futhi ngeke ithambe kalula noma ibole. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yomugqa wesithando somlilo futhi kunciphisa imvamisa yesondlo, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nezinzile kwezithando zezimboni ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, ezihlinzeka ngeziqinisekiso ezinokwethenjelwa zenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Ngokwesibonelo, endaweni yendiza, lapho zindiza ngesivinini esikhulu, izindiza zikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngokungqubuzana okukhulu komoya, okubangela ukwanda okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa ezindizeni kumele zibe nokubekezelela okuhle kwezinga lokushisa, ngaphandle kwalokho zizobhekana nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Izinto eziyinhlanganisela ezisekelwe ku-silicon carbide seziphenduke izinto ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nezingxenye zenjini yendiza kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela ukushisa kwezindiza ngenxa yokumelana kwazo okuphezulu nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ingakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza okuhle kwemishini ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu, iqinisekise ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye, isize indiza inqobe isivinini kanye nemikhawulo yezinga lokushisa, futhi ifinyelele indiza esebenza kahle futhi ephephile.
Ngokombono we-microscopic, imfihlo yokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide ilele esakhiweni sayo sekristalu nezici zesibopho samakhemikhali. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amandla e-covalent bond phakathi kwama-athomu e-silicon carbide aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi ama-athomu asuke kalula ezindaweni zawo ze-lattice emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela agcine ukuqina kwesakhiwo sezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-coefficient yokwandisa okushisayo kwe-silicon carbide iphansi kakhulu, futhi ukuguqulwa kwevolumu yayo kuncane uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha ngokuphawulekayo, kugwema ngokuphumelelayo inkinga yokuphuka kwezinto ezibonakalayo okubangelwa ukugxila kokucindezeleka ngenxa yokwanda nokunciphisa okushisayo.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide nakho kuthuthuka ngokuqhubekayo. Abacwaningi baye bathuthukisa inqubo yokulungiselela, ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nezinye izindlela zokuphakamisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide, kuyilapho futhi benweba amathuba abo okusebenza emikhakheni eminingi. Ngokuzayo, sikholelwa ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide izokhanya futhi ikhiqize ukushisa ezimbonini eziningi ezifana namandla amasha, i-electronics, ne-metallurgy ngokumelana kwazo nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu, okunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-11-2025