Ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kwemboni nobuchwepheshe besimanje, ukusebenza kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nezinselele zezindawo ezinokushisa okuphezulu, ukuzinza kokusebenza kwezinto kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kanye nesikhathi sokuphila kwemishini nemikhiqizo ehlobene.Imikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide, ngokumelana kwazo okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu, kancane kancane ziba ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ezinkambeni eziningi zokusetshenziswa ezishisa kakhulu.
I-silicon carbide, ngokombono wesakhiwo samakhemikhali, iyinhlanganisela eyakhiwe yizinto ezimbili: i-silicon (Si) ne-carbon (C). Le nhlanganisela ye-athomu eyingqayizivele inikeza i-silicon carbide izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezihlukile. Isakhiwo sayo sekristalu sizinzile kakhulu, futhi ama-athomu axhumene eduze ngezibopho ze-covalent, okunikeza i-silicon carbide amandla aqinile okubopha kwangaphakathi, okuyisisekelo sokumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu.
Uma sibheka ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo, inzuzo yokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide ibonakaliswa ngokugcwele. Emkhakheni wezitofu zezimboni ezishisa kakhulu, izinto zokufakelwa zendabuko zithambekele ekuthambekeni, ekuguqukeni, ngisho nasekulimeni ngaphansi kokuvezwa isikhathi eside kokushisa okuphezulu, okungagcini nje ngokuphazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwesitofu kodwa futhi kudinga ukushintshwa njalo, ukwandisa izindleko kanye nobunzima bokulungisa. Izinto zokufakelwa ezenziwe nge-silicon carbide zifana nokubeka "isudi yokuzivikela" eqinile esithandweni. Emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-1350 ℃, zisengagcina izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ezizinzile futhi ngeke zithambe noma zibole kalula. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokwandisa kakhulu impilo yesevisi yokufakelwa kwesitofu futhi kunciphisa imvamisa yokulungisa, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokuzinzile kwezitofu zezimboni ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu, okunikeza iziqinisekiso ezithembekile zenqubo yokukhiqiza.
Isibonelo, ensimini yezindiza, lapho zindiza ngesivinini esikhulu, izindiza zikhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu ngokungqubuzana okukhulu nomoya, okubangela ukwanda okukhulu kokushisa kobuso. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi izinto ezisetshenziswa ezindizeni kumele zibe nokumelana okuhle nokushisa okuphezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho zizobhekana nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe ku-silicon carbide sezibe yizinto ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile njengezingxenye zenjini yezindiza kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela ukushisa kwezindiza ngenxa yokumelana kwazo okuhle nokushisa okuphezulu. Ingagcina ukusebenza okuhle komshini ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu, iqinisekise ubuqotho besakhiwo sezingxenye, isize izindiza zinqobe imikhawulo yesivinini kanye nokushisa, futhi zifinyelele ukundiza okusebenzayo nokuphephile.
Ngokombono omncane kakhulu, imfihlo yokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-silicon carbide isesimeni sayo sekristalu kanye nezici zesibopho samakhemikhali. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, amandla esibopho esihlanganisiwe phakathi kwama-athomu e-silicon carbide aphezulu kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ngama-athomu ukuthi asuke kalula ezindaweni zawo ze-lattice emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo sezinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa kwe-silicon carbide iphansi kakhulu, futhi ushintsho lwevolumu yayo luncane uma izinga lokushisa lishintsha kakhulu, okugwema ngempumelelo inkinga yokuqhekeka kwezinto okubangelwa ukugcwala kokucindezeleka ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide nakho kuyathuthuka njalo. Abacwaningi bathuthukise inqubo yokulungiselela, ukwakheka kwezinto ezilungiselelwe, kanye nezinye izindlela zokuphakamisa ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwemikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide, ngenkathi futhi bandisa amathuba abo okusetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi. Esikhathini esizayo, sikholelwa ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-silicon carbide izokhanya futhi ikhiqize ukushisa ezimbonini eziningi njengamandla amasha, izinto zikagesi, kanye ne-metallurgy ngokumelana kwazo okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-11-2025