Hauv kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub thiab thev naus laus zis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsib cov teeb meem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua neej ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv.Cov khoom siv silicon carbide, nrog rau lawv cov kev tiv thaiv kub kub zoo heev, maj mam dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau daim ntawv thov kub kub.
Silicon carbide, los ntawm cov qauv tshuaj pom, yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus: silicon (Si) thiab carbon (C). Qhov tshwj xeeb atomic ua ke no muab silicon carbide tshwj xeeb lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Nws cov qauv siv lead ua yog qhov ruaj khov heev, thiab cov atoms tau sib txuas los ntawm covalent bonds, muab silicon carbide muaj zog hauv kev sib raug zoo, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws qhov kub thiab txias.
Thaum peb tig peb cov xim rau cov kev siv tswv yim, qhov kub-kub kuj zoo dua ntawm cov khoom siv silicon carbide tau ua kom pom tseeb. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub ntawm high-temperature industrial furnaces, cov tsoos cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog feem ntau softening, deformation, thiab tej yam kev puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev kub raug, uas tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau lub cev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub cub tawg, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau hloov tsis tu ncua, nce nqi thiab txij nkawm nyuaj. Cov khoom siv hauv ob sab phlu ua los ntawm silicon carbide zoo li muab lub zog "tiv thaiv" rau ntawm qhov cub. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias li 1350 ℃, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj xyuas lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab yuav tsis yooj yim soften lossis decompose. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog ua kom ntev kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu thiab txo qhov zaus ntawm kev txij nkawm, tab sis kuj ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv qhov chaw kub kub, muab kev ruaj ntseg lav rau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub aerospace teb, thaum ya ntawm high speeds, aircraft tsim ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm tshav kub los ntawm kev sib txhuam nrog huab cua, ua rau ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no yuav tsum tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav ntsib teeb meem kev nyab xeeb loj. Silicon carbide raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li aircraft cav Cheebtsam thiab aircraft thermal tiv thaiv systems vim lawv zoo heev kub-resistant. Nws tuaj yeem tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, xyuas kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov khoom, pab lub dav hlau kov yeej kev kub ceev thiab qhov kub thiab txias, thiab ua tau zoo dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm microscopic, qhov zais cia ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm silicon carbide nyob hauv nws cov qauv siv lead ua thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, covalent daim ntawv cog lus lub zog ntawm silicon carbide atoms siab heev, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov atoms kom yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm lawv cov lattice txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, yog li tswj cov txheej txheem stability ntawm cov khoom. Ntxiv mus, lub thermal expansion coefficient ntawm silicon carbide yog qhov tsawg, thiab nws cov ntim hloov me me thaum qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv, ua tau zoo kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntawm cov khoom tawg los ntawm kev ntxhov siab vim thermal expansion thiab contraction.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv silicon carbide kuj tseem txhim kho tsis tu ncua. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev npaj, txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau zoo, thiab lwm yam txhais tau tias txhawm rau txhim kho qhov kub-kub tsis kam ntawm cov khoom siv silicon carbide, thaum tseem nthuav dav lawv daim ntawv thov muaj peev xwm hauv ntau thaj chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, peb ntseeg hais tias cov khoom silicon carbide yuav ci thiab ua kom sov nyob rau hauv ntau industries xws li lub zog tshiab, electronics, thiab metallurgy nrog lawv zoo heev kub kuj, pab rau kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam industries.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-11-2025