Hauv kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub thiab thev naus laus zis, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsib cov teeb meem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua tau zoo thiab lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom cuam tshuam.Cov khoom siv silicon carbide, nrog lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv kub zoo heev, maj mam dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau ntau qhov chaw thov kub.
Silicon carbide, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg, yog ib qho sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus: silicon (Si) thiab carbon (C). Qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm atomic no ua rau silicon carbide muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Nws cov qauv siv lead ua ruaj khov heev, thiab cov atoms sib txuas ze los ntawm covalent bonds, ua rau silicon carbide muaj zog sib txuas sab hauv, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws qhov kub siab tiv taus.
Thaum peb tig peb lub siab mus rau kev siv ua haujlwm, qhov zoo ntawm kev tiv taus kub ntawm cov khoom silicon carbide tau pom tseeb tag nrho. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov cub tawg kub kub, cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj feem yuav mos, deformation, thiab txawm tias puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntev kub, uas tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm lub cub tawg tab sis kuj xav tau kev hloov pauv ntau zaus, ua rau cov nqi thiab kev txij nkawm nyuaj. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv pem teb ua los ntawm silicon carbide zoo li muab "kev tiv thaiv" muaj zog rau ntawm lub cub tawg. Thaum kub txog 1350 ℃, nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab yuav tsis yooj yim mos lossis lwj. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm lub cub tawg thiab txo qhov zaus txij nkawm, tab sis kuj ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov cub tawg hauv qhov chaw kub siab, muab kev lees paub txhim khu kev qha rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
Piv txwv li, hauv kev lag luam aerospace, thaum ya dav hlau nrog kev ceev ceev, lub dav hlau tsim ntau qhov kub los ntawm kev sib txhuam nrog huab cua, ua rau qhov kub ntawm qhov chaw nce siab. Qhov no yuav tsum tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv dav hlau yuav tsum muaj kev tiv taus kub zoo, txwv tsis pub lawv yuav ntsib kev phom sij loj heev. Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke raws li silicon carbide tau dhau los ua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom tseem ceeb xws li cov khoom siv cav dav hlau thiab cov tshuab tiv thaiv cua sov dav hlau vim lawv qhov kev tiv taus kub zoo heev. Nws tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv qab qhov kub siab heev, xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, pab lub dav hlau kov yeej qhov ceev thiab qhov kub thiab txias, thiab ua tiav kev ya dav hlau zoo dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Los ntawm lub zeem muag me me, qhov zais cia ntawm kev tiv taus kub ntawm silicon carbide yog nyob rau hauv nws cov qauv siv lead ua thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib txuas tshuaj lom neeg. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov silicon carbide atoms yog siab heev, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov atoms kom yooj yim cais tawm ntawm lawv cov lattice txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab, yog li tswj cov qauv ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv. Ntxiv mus, cov coefficient thermal expansion ntawm silicon carbide yog qhov tsawg, thiab nws qhov kev hloov pauv ntim yog qhov me me thaum qhov kub hloov pauv dramatically, zoo zam qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom tawg los ntawm kev ntxhov siab concentration vim thermal nthuav dav thiab contraction.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom silicon carbide kuj tseem niaj hnub zoo dua. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau txhim kho cov txheej txheem npaj, ua kom zoo dua cov qauv khoom siv, thiab lwm txoj hauv kev los txhawb kev tiv thaiv kub ntawm cov khoom silicon carbide, thaum tseem nthuav lawv cov peev xwm siv rau ntau qhov chaw. Yav tom ntej, peb ntseeg tias cov khoom silicon carbide yuav ci ntsa iab thiab tsim cua sov hauv ntau yam lag luam xws li lub zog tshiab, khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab metallurgy nrog lawv qhov kev tiv thaiv kub zoo heev, pab txhawb rau kev txhim kho ntawm ntau yam lag luam.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Xya Hli-11-2025