Kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini netekhnoloji yanamhlanje, ukusebenza kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ingakumbi xa kujongwane nemingeni yeemeko zobushushu obuphezulu, ukuzinza kokusebenza kwezinto kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nobomi bezixhobo kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene noko.Iimveliso ze-silicon carbide, ngenxa yokumelana kwazo nobushushu obuphezulu, kancinci kancinci ziba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphezulu.
I-silicon carbide, ngokwembono yesakhiwo seekhemikhali, yi-compound eyenziwe zizinto ezimbini: i-silicon (Si) kunye ne-carbon (C). Le ndibaniselwano yeathomu eyahlukileyo inika i-silicon carbide iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lwekristale luzinzile kakhulu, kwaye ii-athomu ziqhagamshelwe ngokusondeleyo ngeebhondi ze-covalent, zinika i-silicon carbide amandla aqinileyo okubophelela ngaphakathi, okuyisiseko sokumelana kwayo nobushushu obuphezulu.
Xa sijonga ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo, inzuzo yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kweemveliso ze-silicon carbide ibonakaliswa ngokupheleleyo. Kwicandelo lee-oven zemizi-mveliso ezinobushushu obuphezulu, izixhobo ze-lining zendabuko zinobuthathaka bokuthamba, ukuguqulwa, kwanokonakala xa zichaphazeleka kubushushu obuphezulu obude, nto leyo engachaphazeli nje kuphela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-oven kodwa ikwafuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo, iindleko ezongezelelekileyo kunye nobunzima bokugcinwa. Izinto ze-lining ezenziwe nge-silicon carbide zifana nokubeka "isuti yokukhusela" eqinileyo kwi-oven. Kubushushu obuphezulu njenge-1350 ℃, isenokugcina iipropati zomzimba ezizinzileyo kunye neekhemikhali kwaye ayizukuthamba okanye ibole ngokulula. Oku akupheleli nje ekwandiseni ubomi benkonzo ye-oven kwaye kunciphisa amaxesha okugcinwa, kodwa kuqinisekisa nokusebenza okusebenzayo nokuzinzileyo kwee-oven zemizi-mveliso kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, okubonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezithembekileyo zenkqubo yemveliso.
Umzekelo, kwicandelo leenqwelo-moya, xa zibhabha ngesantya esiphezulu, iinqwelo-moya zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngokungqubana okukhulu nomoya, nto leyo ebangela ukunyuka okukhulu kobushushu bomphezulu. Oku kufuna ukuba izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiinqwelo-moya zibe nokumelana okuhle nobushushu obuphezulu, kungenjalo ziya kujongana neengozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko. Izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezisekelwe kwi-silicon carbide ziye zaba zizinto ezibalulekileyo zokwenza iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezixhobo zeenqwelo-moya kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela ubushushu beenqwelo-moya ngenxa yokumelana kwazo nobushushu obuphezulu. Zingagcina ukusebenza kakuhle koomatshini phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu, ziqinisekise ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo sezixhobo, zincede iinqwelo-moya zoyise isantya kunye nemida yobushushu, kwaye zifezekise ukubhabha okusebenzayo nokukhuselekileyo.
Ngokwembono ye-microscopic, imfihlo yokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu be-silicon carbide ikwisakhiwo sayo sekristale kunye neempawu ze-chemical bond. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, amandla e-covalent bond phakathi kwee-athomu ze-silicon carbide aphezulu kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba ii-athomu zisuke ngokulula kwiindawo zazo ze-lattice kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ngaloo ndlela zigcina uzinzo lwesakhiwo sezinto. Ngaphezu koko, i-thermal expansion coefficient ye-silicon carbide iphantsi, kwaye utshintsho lwayo luncinci xa ubushushu butshintsha kakhulu, nto leyo ethintela ngempumelelo ingxaki yokuqhekeka kwezinto okubangelwa kukuxinana koxinzelelo ngenxa yokwanda kobushushu kunye nokuxinana.
Ngokuqhubeka nokuqhubela phambili kweteknoloji, ukusebenza kweemveliso ze-silicon carbide kuyaqhubeka nokuphucuka. Abaphandi baphucule inkqubo yokulungiselela, baphucula ukwenziwa kwezinto, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuphakamisa ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kweemveliso ze-silicon carbide, ngelixa bekwandisa amathuba azo okusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi. Kwixesha elizayo, sikholelwa ukuba iimveliso ze-silicon carbide ziya kuqaqamba kwaye zivelise ubushushu kumashishini amaninzi afana namandla amatsha, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kunye ne-metallurgy ngokumelana kwazo nobushushu obuphezulu, okufaka isandla kuphuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-11-2025