Mu kwinjira mu isi ya none y'inganda, umuntu ashobora kubona ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibikoresho - ntibibengerana nk'ibyuma cyangwa ngo bibe byoroshye nk'ibya pulasitiki, ariko bishyigikira bucece imikorere y'inganda za none. Uyu ni umuryango w'inganda zibumba, itsinda ry'ibikoresho bidafite imiterere y'umwimerere bizwiho imiterere yihariye.
I. "Inyenyeri" z'umuryango w'inganda zikora ibumba
Mu muryango w’inganda zikora ibumba, hari abanyamuryango benshi bagaragara cyane: Ibumba rya Alumina ni nk'umusaza wizewe, rishingira ku bushyuhe bwiza no kwirinda ingese, rikagira uruhare runini mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga n’ibikoresho bya chimique; Ibumba rya silicon nitride ni nk'abakinnyi boroheje, rifite ubukana bwa bumba n'ubukomere bw'ibyuma, rigaragaza imikorere myiza mu bikoresho byo gukata no mu byuma; Ibumba rya Zirconia ni nk'abashushanya imideli, ntabwo rifite gusa ububengerane nk'ubw'amasaro ahubwo rifite n'ikoranabuhanga ry'umukara ryo "gukomeza impinduka mu gice", rikunzwe cyane mu menyo y'amenyo n'ibice by'ubuhanga.
II.Ibumba rya karubide rya silikoni: Intambara ikomeye mu rwego rw'inganda
Muri uyu muryango, ibumba rya silicon carbide rishobora gufatwa nk'intwari nyayo. Iyi bumba yihariye igizwe n'ibintu bya silicon na karuboni yakozwe bwa mbere n'abantu mu 1905 kandi yakomeje guca amateka y'imikorere y'ibikoresho by'inganda. Ni nk'ingabo ikozwe muri diyama, ifite ubukana bwa Mohs bugera kuri 9.5, ikaba ari iya kabiri kuri diyama ubwayo; ni nk'intwaro ikozwe mu matafari adafite ingufu, ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwa 1350℃ bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Mu icupa ry’ibyuma, ibikoresho bya silikoni byakozwe mu ifuru bifasha kuzimya ibyuma; mu miyoboro y’ibinyabutabire, bihinduka nk'ibirindiro birwanya ingese, byongera igihe cyo gukora cy’imiyoboro; ku miyoboro ikorwamo ibikoresho bya semiconductor, ni amahitamo meza yo gukoresha neza; igitangaje kurushaho ni uko iki gikoresho gisa n’ikiremereye mu by’ukuri ari igikoresho cyiza cyane gitanga ubushyuhe, bigatuma kibona umwanya wacyo mu bijyanye no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.
III. Impinduka no kuvuka ubwa kabiri byazanywe n'ikoranabuhanga
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryahaye ibumba rya silicon carbide ubuzima bushya. Binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya nanomodification, abahanga mu bya siyansi bongereye ubukomere bwaryo; bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rya 3D icapa, ibice bifite imiterere igoye bisa n'ibihangano by'ubuhanzi bishobora gukorwa. Muri laboratwari y'ikigo cyacu, abahanga barimo kwiga uburyo bwo gusya silicon carbide, bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo gusya kugira ngo bahuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye by'ibicuruzwa by'abakiriya kandi bagakomeza kunoza imikorere y'ibicuruzwa bya silicon carbide, bigatuma bashobora kumenyera imikorere igoye kurushaho.
Kuva ku nganda gakondo kugeza ku ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ubudozi bw'inganda buri kwandika inkuru nshya. Nk'umutanga serivisi z'ikoranabuhanga ryihariye mu budozi bwa karuboni ya silikoni, duhora twiyemeje gutanga ibisubizo byihariye. Byaba ari ugutunganya ibice bifite ishusho yihariye bifite ibisobanuro byihariye cyangwa igishushanyo cy'ibisubizo byo gukoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye by'akazi, dushobora kubona ubufasha bw'inzobere hano.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 18 Mata 2025