Thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam niaj hnub no, ib tug neeg yeej ib txwm pom muaj ib hom khoom tshwj xeeb - lawv tsis ci ntsa iab li hlau thiab tsis sib zog li yas, tab sis lawv txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Nov yog tsev neeg ceramics kev lag luam, ib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv inorganic uas tsis yog hlau uas paub txog lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb.
I. Cov "neeg tseem ceeb" ntawm tsev neeg ua khoom siv ua los ntawm cov khoom siv av nplaum
Ntawm cov tsev neeg ceramics kev lag luam, muaj ntau tus tswv cuab uas sawv tawm tshwj xeeb: Alumina ceramics zoo li tus tij laug txhim khu kev qha, vam khom rau kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo heev thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg; Silicon nitride ceramics zoo li cov neeg ncaws pob sib tw, muaj ob qho tib si qhov nyuaj ntawm ceramics thiab qhov tawv ntawm cov hlau, qhia txog kev ua tau zoo hauv cov kabmob thiab cov cuab yeej txiav; Zirconia ceramics zoo li fashionistas, tsis yog tsuas yog muaj lub teeb zoo li hlaws xwb tab sis kuj muaj cov thev naus laus zis dub ntawm "theem hloov pauv toughening", nyiam heev hauv cov hniav cuav thiab cov khoom precision.
II.Cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramicsTus tub rog thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam
Ntawm tsev neeg no, cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramics tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov tub rog tiag tiag. Cov khoom siv ceramic tshwj xeeb no muaj silicon thiab carbon elements tau tsim los ntawm tib neeg thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1905 thiab tau ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam tas li. Nws zoo li lub tsho tiv thaiv ua los ntawm pob zeb diamond, nrog Mohs hardness txog li 9.5, tsuas yog thib ob tom qab pob zeb diamond nws tus kheej; nws zoo li cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov cib refractory, muaj peev xwm tiv taus 1350 ℃ ntawm kev ci kub siab.
Hauv lub chaw ua haujlwm metallurgical, silicon carbide ceramics ua kilnware txhawb nqa kev quenching ntawm cov hlau billets; hauv cov kav dej tshuaj lom neeg, nws hloov mus ua tus neeg saib xyuas corrosion-resistant, txuas ntxiv lub neej kev pabcuam ntawm cov kav dej; ntawm cov kab ntau lawm semiconductor, nws kuj yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev coj tus kheej; txawm tias qhov xav tsis thoob ntau dua, cov khoom siv hnyav no zoo li yog qhov ua tau zoo heev rau kev ua kom sov, ua rau nws pom nws qhov chaw hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob cua sov.
III. Kev hloov pauv thiab kev yug dua tshiab los ntawm thev naus laus zis
Cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub no tau muab lub neej tshiab rau cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramics. Los ntawm kev siv tshuab nanomodification, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txhim kho nws lub zog; siv cov thev naus laus zis luam ntawv 3D, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke zoo ib yam li cov duab kos duab tuaj yeem tsim tau. Hauv peb lub tuam txhab lub chaw soj nstuam, cov engineers tab tom kawm txog cov txheej txheem sintering silicon carbide, siv cov thev naus laus zis sintering siab heev los ua kom tau raws li ntau yam khoom xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv silicon carbide ceramic, ua rau lawv hloov kho tau rau cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm nyuaj dua.
Txij li kev lag luam ib txwm mus rau kev siv thev naus laus zis tshiab, kev lag luam ceramics tab tom sau ib zaj dab neeg tshiab. Ua ib tus neeg muab kev pabcuam thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb hauv silicon carbide ceramics, peb ib txwm cog lus los muab cov kev daws teeb meem tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias nws yog kev ua cov khoom tshwj xeeb nrog cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb lossis tsim cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm hnyav, peb tuaj yeem nrhiav kev txhawb nqa kev tshaj lij ntawm no.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-18-2025