Chingwe cholimba cha silicon carbide: chishango cholimba cha zida zamafakitale

M'mafakitale ambiri, zida nthawi zambiri zimakumana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito ovuta, ndipo mavuto owonongeka amakhudza kwambiri moyo wa ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito a zidazo. Kutuluka kwa zingwe zoteteza silicon carbide kumapereka yankho lothandiza pamavuto awa, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zikukhala chishango cholimba cha zida zamafakitale.
Silikoni kabide, chinthu chopangidwa ndi kaboni ndi silicon, chili ndi zinthu zodabwitsa. Kulimba kwake n'kwapamwamba kwambiri, kwachiwiri kuposa diamondi yolimba kwambiri, ndipo kulimba kwake kwa Mohs ndi kwachiwiri kuposa diamondi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imatha kukana mosavuta kukanda ndi kudula tinthu tolimba tosiyanasiyana ndipo imagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi kuwonongeka. Nthawi yomweyo, silicon carbide ilinso ndi coefficient yotsika ya kukangana, yomwe imatha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka pamlingo wotsika kwambiri pansi pa zovuta monga kukangana kouma kapena mafuta osakwanira, zomwe zimakulitsa kwambiri moyo wa ntchito ya zida.
Kuwonjezera pa kuuma ndi kuchepa kwa kupsinjika, mphamvu za mankhwala za silicon carbide ndizokhazikika kwambiri, komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mankhwala. Imalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri kuchokera ku ma asidi amphamvu (kupatula hydrofluoric acid ndi hot concentrated phosphoric acid), maziko olimba, mchere wosungunuka, ndi zitsulo zosiyanasiyana zosungunuka (monga aluminiyamu, zinki, mkuwa). Khalidweli limalola kuti igwire ntchito bwino ngakhale m'malo ovuta kumene zinthu zowononga ndi zovala zimakhala pamodzi.
Poganizira za kutentha ndi mawonekedwe ake, silicon carbide imagwiranso ntchito bwino kwambiri. Ili ndi mphamvu yotulutsa kutentha kwambiri ndipo imatha kuchotsa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukangana, kupewa kufewa kwa zinthu kapena kusweka kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa zida, komanso kusunga kukana bwino; Kuchuluka kwa kutentha komwe kumawonjezeka ndi kochepa, komwe kungatsimikizire kukhazikika kwa zida ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwa zida panthawi yosinthasintha kwa kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, kukana kutentha kwambiri kwa silicon carbide ndikodabwitsa, ndi kutentha kogwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka 1350 ° C mumlengalenga (malo osungira okosijeni) komanso kokwera kwambiri m'malo opanda mpweya kapena ochepetsa kutentha.

Kutengera ndi makhalidwe omwe ali pamwambapa, chingwe cholimba cha silicon carbide chagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Mumakampani opanga magetsi, mapaipi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyamula zinthu monga phulusa la ntchentche nthawi zambiri amatsukidwa ndi tinthu tolimba toyenda mwachangu, ndipo mapaipi wamba amatha msanga. Komabe, mutagwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholimba cha silicon carbide, kukana kwa payipi kumawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito imakulitsidwa kwambiri; Mumakampani opanga migodi, kuyika chingwe cholimba cha silicon carbide pazinthu zolimba monga mapaipi onyamula slurry ndi mkati mwa crusher kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukonza zida ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito; Mumakampani opanga mankhwala, omwe akukumana ndi zinthu zowononga komanso malo ovuta a chemical reaction, chingwe cholimba cha silicon carbide sichimangolimbana ndi kusowa kokha, komanso chimalimbana ndi dzimbiri la mankhwala, kuonetsetsa kuti zida zikugwira ntchito bwino komanso mokhazikika.
Mwachidule, nsalu yotchinga ya silicon carbide imapereka chitetezo chodalirika ku zida zamafakitale chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake abwino kwambiri. Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha sayansi ya zinthu, magwiridwe antchito a nsalu yotchinga ya silicon carbide apitiliza kukonzedwa bwino, ndipo mtengo wake ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. M'tsogolomu, ikuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo ambiri ndikuchita gawo lalikulu pakugwira ntchito bwino komanso kokhazikika kwa mafakitale.