Njengeqhawe elingadunyiswanga lokudluliselwa kwamandla emkhakheni wezimboni,ama-heat exchangerukusekela buthule ukusebenza kwezimboni ezifana namakhemikhali, amandla, kanye ne-metallurgy. Kusukela ekupholiseni umoya opholile kuya ekupholiseni kwenjini yerokhethi, ukuba khona kwayo kukhona yonke indawo. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokudluliselwa kokushisa okubonakala kulula, ukukhetha izinto ngokuvamile kuba yisihluthulelo sokunquma impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kwemishini. Namuhla sizokwembula ikhodi eyinhloko yama-heat exchanger futhi sifunde ukuthi i-silicon carbide ceramics iletha kanjani ukusungula izinto ezintsha kule nsimu.
1, Izinhlobo eziguquguqukayo zama-heat exchanger
Ama-heat exchanger ahlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezine ngokusekelwe ezicini zawo zesakhiwo:
1. Uhlobo lwegobolondo nethubhu – umklamo wepayipi onezingqimba eziningi ofana nonodoli onesidleke, lapho imithombo yangaphakathi neyangaphandle idlulisela khona ukushisa ngokungaqondile odongeni lwepayipi, okulungele izimo zokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu;
2. Uhlobo lwepuleti – olwakhiwe ngamapuleti ensimbi ahlanganisiwe afakwe eziteshini ze-maze, isakhiwo sepuleti elincane sivumela ukudluliselwa kokushisa okushisayo nokubandayo “okungaphezulu kuya phezulu” okusebenzayo;
3. Uhlobo lwefin – amaphiko ensimbi akhula phezu kompompi ukuze kwandiswe indawo yobuso futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa komoya;
4. Okujikelezayo – Goqa umsele wokugeleza ube sesimweni sesiphethu ukuze wandise isikhathi sokuxhumana kwe-medium endaweni elinganiselwe.
Isakhiwo ngasinye sisemdlalweni onezakhiwo ezibonakalayo zento: isibonelo, izinto zensimbi zendabuko, nakuba zishisa ngokushesha, zivame ukuveza amaphutha ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu njengokugqwala kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
2、I-Material Revolution: Ukuphumelela kwe-Silicon Carbide Ceramics
Njengoba onjiniyela beqhubeka nokwenza ngcono isakhiwo sama-heat exchanger, ukuvela kwe-silicon carbide ceramics kuye kwasheshisa lokhu kuthuthuka. Lokhu kwakheka kwe-ceramic okunamandla kakhulu okwenziwe ngokwenziwa kubhala kabusha imithetho yomdlalo emkhakheni wokushintshana kokushisa:
1. Isiqedi Sokugqwala
Ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali okufana ne-acid enamandla kanye ne-salt spray kufana "nesitha semvelo" sezinsimbi, kuyilapho i-silicon carbide ceramics inokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu. Ekukhiqizweni kwamakhemikhali, impilo yazo yenkonzo ingafinyelela izikhathi eziningana kunensimbi engagqwali yendabuko, futhi imijikelezo yokugcinwa kwemishini yandiswa kakhulu.
2. Umzila osheshayo wokushisa
Nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi i-ceramic, ukuhanjiswa kwayo kokushisa kufana ne-aluminium alloy. Isakhiwo sekristalu esiyingqayizivele sivumela ukushisa ukuthi kukhuphuke njengasemgwaqweni omkhulu, ngokusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa okuphindwe kaningana kune-ceramics evamile, okwenza kube kufanelekile kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokulawula izinga lokushisa ezinembile ezidinga impendulo esheshayo.
3. Isilwi sokushisa okuphezulu
Ingagcina ukuqina kwesakhiwo ngisho noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingu-1350 ℃, okwenza ingathathelwa indawo emikhakheni ekhethekile njengokushiswa kwemfucuza kanye nezindiza. Izinto zensimbi sezivele zithambile futhi zashintshashintsha kule ndawo, kodwa i-silicon carbide isalokhu iqinile.
4. Kulula futhi kulula ukuyiphatha
Uma kuqhathaniswa nemishini yensimbi emikhulu, i-silicon carbide ceramics inobuningi obuphansi. Le nzuzo "elula" ibaluleke kakhulu kumadivayisi eselula kanye nezimo zomsebenzi eziphakeme, okunciphisa ngqo izindleko zokuhamba nokufakwa.
3, Ikusasa selifikile: Izinto ezintsha zithuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni
Uma kukhulunywa ngokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni, imishini yezimboni inezidingo eziqinile zokusebenzisa kahle amandla. Ama-silicon carbide heat exchangers awenzi nje kuphela ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa ukugqwala nokukhula, kodwa futhi anempilo ende enciphisa imfucuza yemithombo ebangelwa ukushintshwa kwemishini emthonjeni. Njengamanje, lobu buchwepheshe busetshenziswe ngempumelelo emikhakheni emisha yamandla njengokulungiswa kwe-photovoltaic polycrystalline silicon kanye nokushiswa kwezinto zebhethri le-lithium, okubonisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla kwemingcele.
Njengomsunguli ohileleke kakhulu ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwe-silicon carbide ceramics, siqhubeka nokudlula ezithiyweni zobuchwepheshe zokwakheka kwezinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhanda ngokunemba. Ngokwenza ngezifiso imikhiqizo enezimbobo ezahlukene kanye nezici zobuso, lobu 'buchwepheshe obumnyama' bungahlangabezana ngempela nezidingo ezikhethekile zezimboni ezahlukene. Lapho abashintshi bokushisa bendabuko behlangabezana nezingqinamba zokusebenza, i-silicon carbide ceramics ingenisa inkathi entsha yokudluliselwa kokushisa okuphumelelayo.
Umlando wokuvela kobuchwepheshe bokushintshana kokushisa empeleni uwumlando wokusungula izinto ezintsha. Kusukela ku-iron cast kuya ku-titanium alloy, kusukela ku-graphite kuya ku-silicon carbide, ukuguquka ngakunye kwezinto kuletha ukuthuthuka okuhamba kancane ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla. Ukukhetha i-silicon carbide ceramics akugcini nje ngokukhetha izingxenye zemishini ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu, kodwa futhi nokukhetha izixazululo zezimboni ezisimeme zesikhathi esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-27-2025