Kwinkqubo ephambili yemveliso yemizi-mveliso, imibhobho ifana “nemithambo yegazi” exhasa ukusebenza. Ayimelani nje kuphela novavanyo lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokugqwala, kodwa ikwajongana nokuguguleka okubangelwa kukukhukuliseka kwezinto. Ukuphambuka okuncinci kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kwaye kubangele neengozi zokhuseleko. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uhlobo olutsha lombhobho olubizwa ngokuba yiumbhobho we-silicon carbideiye yathandwa kancinci kancinci, kwaye ngenxa yeenzuzo zayo zokusebenza ezikhethekileyo, iye yaba sisisombululo esithandwayo kwiimeko ezininzi zoshishino. Namhlanje, ngolwimi olucacileyo, mandikwazise ngale "ndlu enamandla engaphantsi" kwicandelo lezoshishino.
I-silicon carbide – into engeyoyasemethini engaphiliyo enobunzima obulandela idayimani kuphela, yenziwe yaza yatshintshwa ngeenkqubo ezikhethekileyo ukuze ibe yipayipi yemizi-mveliso eneenzuzo ezininzi. Xa ithelekiswa nemibhobho yethu yesinyithi eqhelekileyo kunye nemibhobho yeplastiki eqhelekileyo, ubuchule bayo “bokulwa nokuvelisa” buphezulu.
Okokuqala, inokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla kakhulu. Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, akunakuphepheka ukudibana nemithombo yeendaba egqwala njengee-asidi ezinamandla, ii-alkali ezinamandla, kunye nezisombululo zetyuwa. Imibhobho eqhelekileyo iza kudibana nokugqwala kungekudala, okungadingi nje ukutshintshwa rhoqo kodwa okunokukhokelela ekuvuthweni kwezinto. Iipropati zeekhemikhali ze-silicon carbide zizinzile kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwemithombo embalwa ekhethekileyo, inokumelana ngokulula nokugqwala kwee-asidi ezininzi kunye nee-alkali. Kufana nokubeka "isikrweqe sokulwa nokugqwala" kumbhobho, ozinzileyo njengeMount Tai kwimichiza, i-electroplating kunye nezinye iimeko zokugqwala okunamandla.
Okwesibini, inokumelana okubalaseleyo nobushushu obuphezulu. Ukumelana nomlilo kweepayipi ze-silicon carbide kudlula kakhulu oko kwezixhobo zesiqhelo, kwaye zisenako ukugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obude ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1350 degrees, zilungelelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo uninzi lweemeko zokusebenza zobushushu obuphezulu.
Ngaphezu koko, ukumelana nokuguguleka akunakulinganiswa. Xa kuthuthwa izinto ezinamacandelo aqinileyo anjengesanti kunye negrabile, udaka, njl.njl., udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho luya kuqhubeka luguguleka kwaye luguguleke, kwaye imibhobho yendabuko iguguleka lula kwaye yonakale. Ubunzima beemibhobho ze-silicon carbide buphezulu kakhulu, kwaye phantse "azinakulimala" xa zijongene nokuguguleka kwexesha elide kwezinto. Ubomi bazo benkonzo buyandiswa kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nemibhobho yesinyithi eqhelekileyo, enokunciphisa kakhulu ingxaki kunye neendleko ezibangelwa kukutshintshwa rhoqo kwemibhobho.
Ukongeza, iipayipi ze-silicon carbide zinenzuzo efihlakeleyo: iindonga zangaphakathi ezigudileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba izinto azinawo amandla amaninzi ngexesha lokuthuthwa, nto leyo enokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kwaye ayithambekeli kakhulu ekukhuleni, nto leyo enciphisa ubunzima bokugcinwa nokucoca. Nangona iindleko zayo zokuqala zokuthenga ziphezulu kancinci kunezo zepayipi eziqhelekileyo, inzuzo yazo yokusebenzisa kakuhle iindleko icacile kakhulu ngenxa yeendleko zokugcinwa, iindleko zokutshintshwa, kunye nokonga amandla ekusetyenzisweni ixesha elide.
Kule mihla, ngokuguqulwa kwemveliso yemizi-mveliso ibe yindawo eluhlaza nesebenzayo, iimfuno zezinto zemibhobho ziya zisanda. Iipayipi ze-silicon carbide zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobunjineli beekhemikhali, amandla amatsha, i-metallurgy, kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, ngenxa "yamaqhinga azo amathathu aqinileyo" okuxhathisa ukugqwala, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka, zibe "liqhawe elingabonakaliyo" ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso olukumgangatho ophezulu. Ndikholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo, le pipe inamandla iya kungena kwiimeko ezihlukeneyo kwaye isebenzise izibonelelo zayo zobuchwepheshe ukukhusela imveliso yemizi-mveliso.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-11-2025