Ku bijyanye n'"ibirahuri", abantu benshi babanza gutekereza ku masahani yo mu rugo, amavaze yo mu nzu ashariza - yoroshye kandi yoroshye, asa n'aho adafite aho ahuriye n'"inganda" cyangwa "ikomeye". Ariko hari ubwoko bw'ibirahuri buca iyi shusho. Ubukomere bwayo ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama, kandi ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, ikarwanya ingese, ndetse ikaba ifunze neza kandi ikanatwara amazi, ikaba "ikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye" mu rwego rw'inganda. Nikeramike ya silikoni karubide.
Kuva ku bikoresho bidashira mu birombe kugeza ku bikoresho bishya bitanga ingufu, kuva ku bikoresho birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi mu kirere kugeza ku bikoresho bya mekanike bya buri munsi, ibikoresho bya silicon carbide biri gushyigikira imikorere myiza y'inganda nyinshi zifite imiterere yazo yihariye. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku cyatuma iyi ceramic "idasanzwe" igaragara.
1、 Bigoye cyane: "umutwaro" mu rwego rwo kwirinda kwangirika
Akamaro kazwi cyane k’ubutare bwa silikoni ni ubukomere bwayo bukabije kandi budashobora kwangirika. Ubukomere bwayo bwa Mohs ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama ikomeye cyane mu miterere yayo, burusha cyane icyuma gisanzwe, icyuma kitagira umugese, ndetse na alumina ceramics.
Iyi mico ikomeye ituma igaragara mu bihe aho igomba kwirinda kwangirika no kwangirika. Urugero, mu nganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro n'izikora ibyuma, ibikoresho byo gutwara ibintu bito n'ibitonyanga (nk'imashini zikoresha imashini zikoresha imashini zitonyanga n'imiyoboro y'amazi) bikunze gutwarwa n'uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro dukomeye igihe kirekire, kandi ibyuma bisanzwe bihita byangirika kandi bigasohora amazi. Ibikoresho bikozwe mu byuma bya silikoni karubide bishobora kwihanganira ubu "buyobe" kandi bikagira ubuzima bwiza inshuro nyinshi cyangwa ndetse inshuro zirenga icumi z'ibice by'icyuma, bigabanya cyane inshuro n'ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza ibikoresho.
Si mu nganda gusa, dushobora no kubona ko iboneka mu buzima bwa buri munsi - nka silicon carbide friction pair mu byuma bifunga. Kubera ko idashobora kwangirika neza, ituma ibikoresho bidasohoka kandi ikagira igihombo gito mu gihe cyo kuzunguruka cyane, bigatuma ibikoresho nk'amapompe y'amazi na compressors bikomeza gukora neza.
2、 "Ubudahangarwa" Bukomeye: Gukingira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ingese
Uretse ubukomere, silicon carbide ceramics ifite kandi ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi no kurwanya ingese, ibi bikabafasha "gufata ku nkingi zazo" mu "bidukikije byinshi bikomeye".
Ku bijyanye no kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse no nyuma y'igihe kirekire ikora kuri 1350 ℃, nta korohera cyangwa guhinduka bizabaho. Iyi miterere ituma iba "inkundwakazi" mu nganda z'indege n'iza gisirikare, nko gukoreshwa nk'umunwa w'imashini za roketi, umwambaro w'amatanura ashyushye cyane, n'ibindi. Ishobora gukorana n'umuriro ushyushye cyane cyangwa ibyuma bishongeshejwe kugira ngo igumane ubusugire. Mu bikorwa byo gukora ubushyuhe bwinshi nko mu matanura y'inganda no gucukura by'ibyuma bikomeza gukoreshwa, ibice bya silicon carbide ceramic nabyo bishobora gusimbura ibyuma byangiritse byoroshye bitewe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, bigatuma igihe cyo gukoresha ibikoresho kirushaho kuba kirekire.
Ku bijyanye no kurwanya ingese, ibumba rya silikoni carbide rifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kudahinduka mu binyabutabire. Byaba ari aside, alkali, cyangwa imyuka n'ibintu bitandukanye byangiza, biragoye "kuyikuraho". Kubwibyo, mu nganda zikora imiti, ikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora utwenge tw'imiyoboro y'ibinyabutabire, imiyoboro na valves byo gutwara ibintu byangiza; Mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, iboneka mu bikoresho bivura amazi mabi afite aside nyinshi, bigatuma ibikoresho bidashonga kandi bigakora neza.
3, "Ubushobozi" bukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye: "Umuhanga mu mikorere" ushobora kuba umuntu udahindagurika kandi uhindura ibintu
Niba utekereza ko ibumba rya silikoni carbide ari "ikomeye" kandi "riramba", ubwo uba ubyirengagiza cyane. Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya, rishobora kandi kugira imirimo myinshi nko gutwara ibintu, gukingira, no gutwara ibintu mu bushyuhe, bigatuma riba ibikoresho bikora neza kandi bikoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi.
-Imiterere y’imikorere y’amashanyarazi n’imiti ikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu: Mu gukoresha ibindi bintu, icyuma cya silikoni cya keramike gishobora guhinduka kiva ku byuma bikingira umuriro kikajya ku byuma biyobora umuriro, ndetse kikavamo ibikoresho bya selikoni. Ibi bituma kigaragaza ubuhanga bwacyo mu bijyanye n’ingufu z’amashanyarazi, nko gukora module z’amashanyarazi ku modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu n’ibice by’ingenzi bya transformers muri gari ya moshi zihuta cyane. Ugereranyije n’ibikoresho bisanzwe bya silikoni, icyuma cya silikoni cya kera gifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu mu buryo bwiza kandi gikoresha ingufu nke, ibyo bigatuma imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zisharija vuba kandi zikagira intera ndende, ndetse bigatuma ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bito kandi birushaho gukora neza.
-Ubushyuhe bwiza cyane: Ubushyuhe bwa silicon carbide ceramics buruta kure ubw'ibikoresho bisanzwe bya ceramics, ndetse bugera no ku byuma bimwe na bimwe. Iyi miterere ituma iba ibikoresho byiza byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, urugero, mu gice cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe cy'amatara ya LED n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ishobora gusohora ubushyuhe vuba, ikarinda ibikoresho kwangirika bitewe no gushyuha cyane, kandi ikarushaho kunoza igihe cyo gukora no guhagarara.
4, Amaherezo: Ibumba rya silicon carbide, 'imbaraga zitagaragara zitera imbere' mu kuvugurura inganda
Kuva ku "gukomera no kwangirika" kugeza ku "kurwanya ingese mu bushyuhe bwinshi", hanyuma kugeza ku "mikorere myinshi", ibibumbano bya silikoni byagabanyije imyumvire y'abantu ku bibumbano gakondo bifite imiterere myiza cyane, biba ibikoresho by'ingenzi bishyigikira iterambere ry'inganda zigezweho, ingufu nshya, kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije. Ntabwo ari ibintu bisanzwe nk'ibyuma cyangwa byoroshye nka pulasitiki, ariko mu nganda zisaba "gutsinda ingorane", buri gihe ishingira ku miterere yayo "ishobora byose" kugira ngo ibe imbaraga nyamukuru mu gukemura ibibazo.
Bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje ry’ikoranabuhanga, ikiguzi cyo gukora ibumba rya silikoni karubide kirimo kugabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha bukomeza kwiyongera. Mu gihe kizaza, ibikoresho bishya bitanga ingufu bigezweho ndetse n’imashini ziramba zishobora gukomera bitewe no kongeramo ibumba rya silikoni karubide. Ubwo bwoko bw’ “ibikoresho bidashobora byose” byihishe mu nganda burimo guhindura umusaruro wacu n’ubuzima bwacu bucece.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 20 Nzeri 2025