Ku bijyanye na "ceramics", abantu benshi babanza gutekereza ku byokurya byo murugo, vase ishushanya - byoroshye kandi byoroshye, bisa nkaho bidafitanye isano n "inganda" cyangwa "bigoye". Ariko hariho ubwoko bwa ceramic buvuna iyi mitekerereze. Ubukomezi bwabwo ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama, kandi irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kurwanya ruswa, kandi ikanakingirwa kandi ikayobora, ihinduka “ibintu byinshi” mu nganda. Nisilicon carbide ceramic.
Kuva ku bikoresho bidashobora kwangirika mu birombe kugeza ku moderi y’ingufu mu binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, kuva mu bikoresho byo mu kirere birwanya ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere kugeza ku kashe ya mashini ya buri munsi, ubukorikori bwa silicon karbide ceramics bishyigikira bucece imikorere y’inganda nyinshi n’imiterere yihariye. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge icyatuma iyi "ceramic" idasanzwe igaragara.
1 、 Birakabije kurenza urugero: "umutwara" murwego rwo kwihanganira kwambara
Ibyiza bizwi cyane bya silicon carbide ceramics nuburemere bwayo bukabije kandi bwambara. Ubukomezi bwa Mohs ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama ikomeye muri kamere, irakomeye cyane kuruta ibyuma bisanzwe, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ndetse nubutaka bwa alumina.
Iyi mico ya 'hardcore' ituma imurika mugihe ikeneye kurwanya kwambara. Kurugero, mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’amabuye n’ibyuma, ibikoresho byo gutwara ibishishwa n’ibisasu (nk'abateza amapompo ya pompe na lisansi) akenshi byogejwe nuduce duto duto duto cyane, kandi ibyuma bisanzwe bizahita byangirika kandi bitemba amazi. Ibigize bikozwe muri silicon carbide ceramics birashobora kwihanganira byoroshye iyi "abrasion" kandi bikagira ubuzima bwumurimo inshuro nyinshi cyangwa inshuro zirenga icumi ibyo bikoresho byicyuma, bikagabanya cyane inshuro nigiciro cyo gusimbuza ibikoresho.
Ntabwo ari mubikorwa byinganda gusa, dushobora no kubona ko bihari mubuzima bwa buri munsi - nka silicon karbide yoguhuza hamwe na kashe ya mashini. Nukurwanya kwinshi kwimyambarire, iremeza ko ibikoresho bidatemba kandi bikagira igihombo gito mugihe cyo kuzunguruka byihuse, bigatuma imikorere ihamye yibikoresho nka pompe zamazi na compressor.
2 、 Kurwanya "Kurwanya": Gukingira Ubushyuhe Bwinshi na Ruswa
Usibye gukomera, ceramics ya silicon karbide nayo ifite ubukana buhebuje bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ruswa, ibemerera "kwizirika ku myanya yabo" ahantu henshi "habi".
Kubijyanye nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nubwo nyuma yigihe kirekire ikora kuri 1350 ℃, ntihazabaho koroshya cyangwa guhindura ibintu. Ibi biranga bituma iba "umukunzi" mu kirere no mu nganda za gisirikare, nko gukoreshwa nka nozzle ya moteri ya roketi, gutondekanya ku ziko ry’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, n'ibindi. Mubikorwa byubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane nk'itanura ryinganda hamwe na metallurgical ikomeza guta, ibikoresho bya ceramic silicon karbide birashobora kandi gusimbuza ibyuma byangiritse byoroshye nubushyuhe bwinshi, bikongerera ubuzima ibikoresho.
Kubyerekeranye no kurwanya ruswa, silicon karbide ceramics ifite imiti ihamye cyane. Yaba aside, alkali, cyangwa imyuka itandukanye yangirika n'amazi, biragoye "kuyangiza". Kubwibyo, mu nganda zikora imiti, ikoreshwa kenshi mugukora umurongo wubwato bwitwara, imiyoboro hamwe na valve yo gutwara ibitangazamakuru byangirika; Mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, kuboneka kwayo birashobora no kugaragara mu bikoresho byo gutunganya amazi y’amazi asukuye cyane, kugira ngo ibikoresho bitangirika kandi bikore neza.
3 、 “Ubushobozi” butandukanye: “Umwigisha Ukora” ushobora gukomera no guhinduka
Niba utekereza ko ceramika ya silicon karbide "ikomeye" gusa kandi "iramba", noneho urabisuzugura cyane. Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya, irashobora kandi kugira imirimo myinshi nko gutwara, kubika, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, bigatuma iba ibikoresho bikora hamwe nuburyo bwinshi bukoreshwa.
-Imikorere ya semiconductor: Mugihe ukoresheje doping hamwe nibindi bintu, ceramics ya silicon carbide ceramics irashobora guhinduka kuva muri insulator ikagera kubayobora, ndetse bigahinduka ibikoresho bya semiconductor. Ibi birayemerera kwerekana ubuhanga bwayo mubijyanye nimbaraga za elegitoronike, nko gukora modul yingufu kubinyabiziga bishya byingufu hamwe nibice byingenzi kubihindura bikurura gari ya moshi yihuta. Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo bya silicon, semiconductor ya silicon karbide ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara neza no gukoresha ingufu nke, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutuma ibinyabiziga bishya byishyuza byihuse kandi bifite intera ndende, kandi bigatuma ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bito kandi bikora neza.
-Ubushuhe buhebuje bwumuriro: Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwa silicon karbide ceramics burenze kure ubw'ubutaka busanzwe, ndetse bwegera ubw'ibyuma bimwe na bimwe. Iyi mikorere ituma iba ibikoresho byiza byo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, kurugero, mubushuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwamatara ya LED hamwe na chip ya elegitoronike, irashobora gutwara vuba ubushyuhe, ikabuza ibikoresho kwangirika kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi igateza imbere ubuzima bwa serivisi n’umutekano.
4 、 Hanyuma: Silicon carbide ceramics, 'imbaraga zitagaragara zitwara' zo kuzamura inganda
Kuva kuri "bigoye kandi bidashobora kwihanganira" kugeza kuri "ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo kwangirika kwangirika", hanyuma bikagera no kuri "imikorere myinshi", ubukorikori bwa karubide ya silikoni ya karubonike bwatumye abantu bumva neza ububumbyi gakondo hamwe nuruhererekane rwibintu byiza cyane, bibaye ibikoresho byingenzi bishyigikira iterambere ryinganda zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ingufu nshya, kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije. Ntibisanzwe nkicyuma cyangwa cyoroshye nka plastiki, ariko mubihe byinganda bisaba "gutsinda ingorane", burigihe bushingira kubiranga "ishobora byose" kugirango bibe imbaraga zingenzi mugukemura ibibazo.
Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, igiciro cyumusaruro wa silicon karbide ceramics uragenda ugabanuka gahoro gahoro, kandi ibyasabwe nabyo bigenda byiyongera. Mu bihe biri imbere, byombi ibikoresho bishya byingufu ndetse nimashini ziramba zirashobora gukomera bitewe no kongeramo ceramika ya silicon karbide. Ubu bwoko bw "ibikoresho byose" byihishe mu nganda bihindura bucece umusaruro nubuzima bwacu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-20-2025