ʻAʻole wale 'paʻakikī': Silicon carbide ceramics, ka 'mea nui' i hūnā ʻia i ka ʻoihana

I ka wā e pili ana i ka "ceramics", nui ka poʻe e noʻonoʻo mua i nā kīʻaha hale, nā ipu hoʻonaninani - palupalu a palupalu, me he mea lā ʻaʻole pili i ka "ʻoihana" a i ʻole "hardcore". Akā aia kekahi ʻano seramika e wāwahi i kēia manaʻo. ʻO kona paʻakikī ka lua wale nō i ka daimana, a hiki iā ia ke pale i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, kūʻē i ka corrosion, a me ka insulated a me ka conductive, lilo i "versatile" i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana. ʻo iasilika carbide keramika.
Mai nā lako pale lole i loko o nā mines a hiki i nā modula mana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou, mai nā ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka aerospace a i nā sila mechanical i kēlā me kēia lā, kākoʻo mālie nā silicon carbide ceramics i ka hana maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana he nui me kā lākou mau waiwai kūʻokoʻa. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka mea e kū ai kēia ceramic "kūikawā".
1、 Paʻakikī i ka ʻoi loa: ʻo ka "mea lawe" ma ke kahua o ka pale ʻana
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi kaulana loa o ka silicon carbide ceramics ʻo ia kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana. ʻO kona paʻakikī Mohs ka lua wale nō i ka daimana paʻakikī loa ma ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila maʻamau, ke kila kila, a me nā seramika alumina.
ʻO kēia ʻano 'hardcore' e hoʻomālamalama i nā hiʻohiʻona kahi e pono ai ke pale aku i ka lole a me ka waimaka. No ka laʻana, i loko o ka ʻoihana mining a me nā ʻoihana metallurgical, holoi pinepine ʻia nā mea hana no ka lawe ʻana i ka slurry a me ka slag slurry (e like me nā impellers o nā slurry pumps a me nā pipeline liners) e nā ʻāpana mineral paʻakikī no ka manawa lōʻihi, a e hoʻopau koke ʻia nā metala maʻamau a kahe ka wai. Hiki i nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me ka silicon carbide ceramics ke kū mālie i kēia "abrasion" a loaʻa ke ola lawelawe i nā manawa he nui a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ʻumi mau manawa o nā ʻāpana metala, e hōʻemi nui ana i ke alapine a me ke kumu kūʻai o nā mea hana.
ʻAʻole wale ma nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kona hele ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā - e like me ka silicon carbide friction pair i nā sila mechanical. Me kona pale lole maikaʻi loa, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole e kahe nā mea hana a loaʻa nā poho haʻahaʻa i ka wā o ka holo wikiwiki ʻana, e ʻae ana i ka hana paʻa o nā mea hana e like me nā pā wai a me nā compressors.
2、 ʻOi aku ka "kū'ē": ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana no ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka corrosion
Ma waho aʻe o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā seramika silicon carbide a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, e hiki ai iā lākou ke "pili i kā lākou mau pou" i nā "kaiapuni paʻakikī".
Ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hana lōʻihi ma 1350 ℃, ʻaʻohe palupalu a deformation paha. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona e lilo ia i "darling" i ka ʻoihana aerospace a me nā ʻoihana koa, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nozzle no nā ʻenekini rocket, ka uhi ʻana no nā umu wela wela, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I loko o nā kaʻina hana kiʻekiʻe e like me nā kiln ʻoihana a me ka hoʻolei mau ʻana i ka metallurgical, hiki i nā ʻāpana seramika silicon carbide ke hoʻololi i nā metala i maʻalahi ʻia e nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o nā mea hana.
Ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā kemika silicon carbide. Inā he waika, alkali, a i ʻole nā ​​kinoea kino a me nā wai, he paʻakikī ke "hoʻopau" iā ia. No laila, i loko o ka ʻoihana kemika, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e hana i ka uhi ʻana o nā moku pane, pipelines a me nā valves no ka lawe ʻana i nā media corrosive; Ma ke kahua o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kona hele ʻana i nā mea hana no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻawaʻawa kumu kiʻekiʻe, me ka hōʻoia ʻana ʻaʻole i ʻino ʻia nā mea hana a hana paʻa.
3、 "Ability" Versatile: He "Kumu Hana" hiki ke paʻa a maʻalahi.
Inā manaʻo ʻoe he "paʻakikī" a "paʻakikī" wale nā ​​silicon carbide ceramics, a laila hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻoe iā lākou. Wahi a nā ʻenehana hana like ʻole, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa i nā hana he nui e like me ka conductivity, insulation, a me ka thermal conductivity, e hana ia i mea hana me nā hoʻohana he nui.
-Conductivity a me nā waiwai semiconductor: Ma ka doping me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka silicon carbide ceramics ke hoʻololi mai nā insulators i conductors, a lilo i mau mea semiconductor. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i kona mau mākau ma ke kahua o ka mana uila, e like me ka hana ʻana i nā modula mana no nā kaʻa ikehu hou a me nā ʻāpana kumu no nā mea hoʻohuli traction i nā kaʻaahi kiʻekiʻe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea silika maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka conductivity semiconductors a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻopiʻi i nā kaʻa ikehu hou a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā lako mana.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka thermal conductivity: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili wela o nā seramika silicon carbide ma mua o nā seramika maʻamau, a hoʻokokoke hoʻi i kekahi o nā metala. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona he mea hoʻoheheʻe wela kūpono, no ka laʻana, i ka substrate dissipation wela o nā kukui LED a me nā ʻāpana uila, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi wikiwiki i ka wela, pale i nā mea hana mai ka pōʻino ma muli o ka overheating, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola lawelawe a me ke kūpaʻa.

4、 ʻO ka hope: Silicon carbide ceramics, ka 'ikaika hoʻokele ikaika' o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana.
Mai ka "paʻakikī a paʻakikī" a hiki i ka "kiʻekiʻe-mehana corrosion kū'ē", a laila i ka "multifunctionality", silicon carbide ceramics ua uhaʻi i ka ʻike o ka poʻe i nā seramika kuʻuna me kahi ʻano o nā waiwai maikaʻi loa, lilo i kumu kumu e kākoʻo ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka ikehu hou, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau e like me ka metala a i ʻole ka māmā e like me ka plastic, akā i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoihana e koi ana i ka "paʻakikī ʻana", ke hilinaʻi mau nei ia i kāna mau ʻano "omnipotent" e lilo i mea ikaika i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia.
Me ka holomua o ka ʻenehana, ke emi mālie nei ke kumukūʻai o ka silicon carbide ceramics, a ke hoʻonui mau nei nā hiʻohiʻona noi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā mea hana ikehu hou a me nā mīkini ʻoihana ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā seramika silicon carbide. Ke hoʻololi mālie nei kēia ʻano "mnipotent material" i ka ʻoihana i kā mākou hana a me ke ola.