ʻAʻole wale ka 'paʻakikī': ʻO nā keramika Silicon carbide, ka 'mea versatile' i hūnā ʻia i ka ʻoihana

I ka wā e pili ana i nā "ceramics", manaʻo mua ka poʻe he nui i nā kīʻaha hale, nā ipu hoʻonaninani - palupalu a palupalu, me he mea lā ʻaʻole pili i ka "ʻoihana" a i ʻole "hardcore". Akā aia kekahi ʻano keramika e uhaʻi i kēia manaʻo kūlohelohe. ʻO kona paʻakikī ka lua wale nō i ka daimana, a hiki iā ia ke kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, kū i ka pala, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia a alakaʻi ʻia, e lilo ana i "versatile" i ke kahua ʻoihana. ʻO iakeramika silicon carbide.
Mai nā lako hana kūpaʻa i ke komo ʻana i loko o nā mines a hiki i nā modula mana i loko o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, mai nā ʻāpana kūpaʻa i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe ma ka aerospace a hiki i nā sila mechanical o kēlā me kēia lā, ke kākoʻo mālie nei nā keramika silicon carbide i ka hana pono o nā ʻoihana he nui me kā lākou mau waiwai kū hoʻokahi. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka mea e kū ai kēia keramika "kupaianaha".
1, Paʻakikī i ka palena loa: ka "mea lawe" ma ke kahua o ke kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi kaulana loa o nā keramika silicon carbide ʻo ia kona paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu. ʻO kona paʻakikī Mohs ka lua wale nō i ka daimana paʻakikī loa ma ke ʻano, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila maʻamau, ke kila kila, a me nā keramika alumina.
ʻO kēia ʻano paʻakikī e hoʻomālamalama iā ia i nā hiʻohiʻona kahi e pono ai ke kūʻē i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka haehae. No ka laʻana, i loko o nā ʻoihana mining a me metallurgical, ʻo nā lako no ka lawe ʻana i ka slurry a me ka slurry slag (e like me nā impellers o nā pamu slurry a me nā liner pipeline) e holoi pinepine ʻia e nā ʻāpana mineral paʻakikī no ka manawa lōʻihi, a e hoʻopau koke ʻia nā metala maʻamau a hoʻokahe i ka wai. Hiki i nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me nā keramika silicon carbide ke kū maʻalahi i kēia "abrasion" a loaʻa iā ia kahi ola lawelawe i nā manawa he nui a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ʻumi manawa o nā ʻāpana metala, e hōʻemi nui ana i ke alapine a me ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā lako.
ʻAʻole wale ma nā wahi ʻoihana, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kona alo i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā - e like me ka hui friction silicon carbide i loko o nā sila mechanical. Me kona kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana, hōʻoia ia ʻaʻole e liki nā lako a he haʻahaʻa nā pohō i ka wā o ka wili wikiwiki, e ʻae ana i ka hana paʻa o nā lako e like me nā pamu wai a me nā compressors.
2, "Kū'ē" Kiʻekiʻe: Hoʻopaʻa no ke Kiʻekiʻe o ka Mahana a me ka ʻAʻai ʻAna
Ma waho aʻe o ka paʻakikī, loaʻa i nā keramika silicon carbide ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke "pili i kā lākou mau pou" i nā "ʻano ʻino".
Ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ma hope o ka hana lōʻihi ma 1350 ℃, ʻaʻohe palupalu a deformation paha. ʻO kēia ʻano e lilo ai ia i "aloha" i nā ʻoihana aerospace a me nā ʻoihana koa, e like me ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana ma ke ʻano he nozzle no nā mīkini rocket, ka uhi no nā umu wela kiʻekiʻe, a pēlā aku. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili pololei i nā lapalapa wela kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​​​metala i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e mālama i ke kūpaʻa. I nā kaʻina hana hana wela kiʻekiʻe e like me nā umu ʻoihana a me ka hoʻolei mau ʻana o ka metallurgical, hiki i nā ʻāpana seramika silicon carbide ke pani i nā metala i hōʻino maʻalahi ʻia e nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻolōʻihi ana i ke ola o nā lako.
Ma ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho, he paʻa loa ka paʻa kemika o nā keramika silicon carbide. Inā he waikawa, alkali, a i ʻole nā ​​​​kinoea a me nā wai ʻino like ʻole, he paʻakikī ke "hoʻopau" iā ia. No laila, i loko o ka ʻoihana kemika, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e hana i ka uhi o nā kīʻaha hopena, nā pipeline a me nā valves no ka lawe ʻana i nā mea corrosive; Ma ke kahua o ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kona alo i nā lako no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai hoʻoneoneo acid-base kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana ʻaʻole i pala ka lako a hana paʻa.
3, "Ability" Versatile: He "Functional Master" hiki ke paʻa a maʻalahi hoʻi
Inā manaʻo ʻoe he "paʻakikī" a "paʻa" wale nō nā keramika silicon carbide, a laila hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻoe iā lākou. Wahi a nā ʻano hana like ʻole, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa nā hana he nui e like me ka conductivity, insulation, a me ka thermal conductivity, e lilo ia i mea hana me nā hoʻohana he nui.
-Nā waiwai o ke alakaʻi a me ka semiconductor: Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana me nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki i nā keramika silicon carbide ke hoʻololi mai nā insulators i nā alakaʻi, a lilo i mau mea semiconductor. ʻAe kēia iā ia e hōʻike i kona mau akamai ma ke kahua o ka mana uila, e like me ka hana ʻana i nā modula mana no nā kaʻa ikehu hou a me nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi no nā mea hoʻololi traction i nā kaʻaahi wikiwiki. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea silicon kuʻuna, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono o ka conductivity o nā semiconductors silicon carbide a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻonui wikiwiki i nā kaʻa ikehu hou a loaʻa ka laulā lōʻihi, a hoʻolilo i nā lako mana i mea liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
-ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili wela: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili wela o nā keramika silicon carbide ma mua o nā keramika maʻamau, a kokoke i kekahi mau metala. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona e lilo ia i mea hoʻoheheʻe wela kūpono, no ka laʻana, i loko o ka substrate hoʻoheheʻe wela o nā kukui LED a me nā ʻāpana uila, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokuʻu koke i ka wela, pale i nā lako mai ka hōʻino ʻia ma muli o ka wela nui, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola lawelawe a me ke kūpaʻa.

4, ʻO ka hope loa: ʻO nā keramika carbide Silicon, ka 'mana hoʻokele ʻike ʻole' o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana
Mai ka "paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa i ke komo ʻana" a i ka "pale ʻana i ka palaho wela kiʻekiʻe", a laila i ka "multifunctionality", ua uhaʻi nā keramika silicon carbide i ka ʻike o ka poʻe i nā keramika kuʻuna me kahi moʻo o nā waiwai maikaʻi loa, e lilo ana i mea nui e kākoʻo ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka ikehu hou, ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau e like me ka metala a i ʻole ka māmā e like me ka plastic, akā i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻoihana e pono ai ka "lanakila ʻana i nā pilikia", hilinaʻi mau ia i kona mau ʻano "mana loa" e lilo i mana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia.
Me ka holomua mau o ka ʻenehana, ke emi mālie nei ke kumukūʻai hana o nā keramika silicon carbide, a ke hoʻonui mau nei hoʻi nā hiʻohiʻona noi. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā lako ikehu hou a me nā mīkini ʻoihana paʻa ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā keramika silicon carbide. ʻO kēia ʻano "mea mana loa" i hūnā ʻia i loko o ka ʻoihana e hoʻololi mālie nei i kā mākou hana a me ke ola.