Iiseramikhi zeSilicon Carbidezizinto ezibalulekileyo kumacandelo amaninzi ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezikhethekileyo, kubandakanya ubulukhuni obuphezulu, uxinano oluphantsi kunye nokumelana nobushushu okugqwesileyo. Ezi mpawu zenza i-silicon carbide (SiC) ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokusetyenziswa kubunjineli boomatshini, amashishini eekhemikhali kunye ne-metallurgical, ii-ovens zoshishino kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza. Eli nqaku lijonga ngokunzulu ukusetyenziswa okuninzi kwe-silicon carbide ceramics, ligxininisa ukubaluleka kwazo kwiinkqubo zanamhlanje zokuvelisa kunye nezoshishino.
Kwicandelo lobunjineli boomatshini, iiseramikhi zesilicon carbide zisetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bazo obuhle kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Ezi zinto zifanelekile ngokukodwa ekwenzeni izinto ezincinci zokukhusela kunye neendawo zokuguguleka ezifuna ukuqina nokuthembeka. I-Silicon carbide inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu ngaphandle kokutshintsha okanye ukulahlekelwa bubume besakhiwo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa koomatshini abasebenza kakhulu. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka lifuna izinto ezisebenzayo nezihlala ixesha elide, indima yeeseramikhi zesilicon carbide kubunjineli boomatshini kulindeleke ukuba yande kakhulu.
Amashishini eekhemikhali kunye neemetallurgical nawo azuze kakhulu kwiiseramikhi ze-silicon carbide. Ezi zinto zinokumelana okuhle nokugqwala, ngakumbi kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, i-slag kunye neemetali ze-alkali. Le propati ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho izinto zemveli ziya kusilela, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ixesha elibi lokungasebenzi kunye nokugcinwa. Okuphawulekayo kukuba, ngaphezulu kwama-65% ezifunxo ezinkulu eziqhumayo kwihlabathi liphela zisebenzisa izinto ze-silicon carbide ezibotshelelwe yi-silicon nitride njengezinto zomzimba wesithando. Olu setyenziso alupheleli nje ekwandiseni ubomi benkonzo yezifunxo eziqhumayo ngama-20-40%, kodwa lukwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukongeza, iiseramikhi ze-silicon carbide zikwasetyenziswa njengezinto zokugquma isithando kunye nezinto zokunyibilikisa isinyithi ezifana ne-aluminium, i-copper kunye ne-zinc, nto leyo ebonisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu.
Kwii-oven zemizi-mveliso, ii-silicon carbide ceramics zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Ukusetyenziswa kwefenitshala ye-silicon carbide kiln kunokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima kunye neemfuno zendawo, nto leyo eluncedo kakhulu kumashishini afana nemizi-mveliso elula, izinto zokwakha kunye ne-elektroniki. Ubunzima obuphantsi bezinto ze-silicon carbide kunceda ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuba kufuneka amandla amancinci ukufudumeza i-oven. Ukongeza, ukumelana okugqwesileyo kwempembelelo yezinto ze-silicon carbide kuvumela ubushushu bomlilo ukuba bunyuke ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-oven.
Iiceramics ze-silicon carbide nazo ziyinxalenye yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokufudumeza ezisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza, ukunyibilikisa, kunye nokulungisa ubushushu. Ukufudumeza ngokungathanga ngqo ngegesi kuye kwaba yindlela ekhethwayo kwezi nkqubo kuba kuvumela ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu ngelixa kunciphisa ukukhutshwa okuyingozi, njenge-nitrogen oxides (NOx). Ukusetyenziswa kwe-silicon carbide kwezi zixhobo zokufudumeza akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kodwa kuhambelana nemizamo yehlabathi yokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo. Njengoko amashishini ezama ukufumana izisombululo ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, imfuno yeeceramics ze-silicon carbide zokusetyenziswa kokufudumeza inokukhula.
Ukuguquguquka kwee-silicon carbide ceramics kudlulela ngaphaya kwezicelo zemveli njengoko zisetyenziswa ngakumbi kubuchwepheshe obuphambili. Umzekelo, kwicandelo le-elektroniki, i-silicon carbide isetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwee-semiconductors kunye nezixhobo zamandla. Ukuqhuba okuphezulu kobushushu kunye neepropati zokufakelwa kombane ze-silicon carbide kwenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-elektroniki okuhamba rhoqo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Njengoko imfuno yezinto ze-elektroniki ezisebenzayo nezithembekileyo iqhubeka nokukhula, kulindeleke ukuba ii-silicon carbide ceramics zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-elektroniki yexesha elizayo.
Ukongeza, amashishini eenqwelo-moya kunye neemoto aqala ukuqaphela amandla e-silicon carbide ceramics kwizinto ezilula nezinamandla aphezulu. Amandla e-silicon carbide okumelana namaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo kunye neendawo ezinzima enza ukuba ibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kwizicelo ezifana nee-turbine blades, ii-brake discs, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo. Njengoko la mashishini efuna ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, ukufaka ii-silicon carbide ceramics kuyilo lwazo kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokuzinza.
Ngamafutshane, ukusetyenziswa kwee-silicon carbide ceramics kubanzi, ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezizodwa kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza. Ukusuka kubunjineli boomatshini ukuya ekucutshungulweni kweekhemikhali, ii-ovens zoshishino kunye ne-elektroniki eziphambili, ii-silicon carbide ceramics ziye zabonakala ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwenziwa kwanamhlanje. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buhambela phambili, amandla e-silicon carbide ceramics okufaka isandla kwizisombululo ezintsha kunye neendlela ezizinzileyo aya kwanda kuphela. Ikamva le-silicon carbide ceramics liyathembisa, kwaye uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso luvula indlela yezicelo ezintsha kunye nokusebenza okuphuculweyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-29-2025