Mu bihe by’inganda, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, cyangwa ikwirakwizwa ry’amashanyarazi, hari ubwoko bw’imiyoboro “itazwi” umwaka wose ariko ifite inshingano zikomeye – akenshi itwara ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kwangirika gukomeye nk’umucanga, ubutare, ifu y’amakara, nibindi. Imiyoboro isanzwe ishobora kwangirika mu gihe gito, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku musaruro gusa ahubwo binateza akaga ku mutekano.imiyoboro idashira ya silikonini ukugira ngo ikemure iki kibazo cy’inganda, iba umurinzi w’ingenzi mu turere duto two gutwara abantu n’ibintu.
Umuyoboro urinda kwangirika kwa karuboni ya silikoni ni iki?
Mu magambo make, imiyoboro idashira ya silikoni ni imiyoboro yo gutwara abantu ikorwa binyuze mu guhuza silikoni nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi kidashira n'imiyoboro y'icyuma (nk'imiyoboro y'icyuma) binyuze mu buryo bwihariye.
Hari umuntu ushobora kwibaza ati, “silicon carbide” ni iki? Ni ibikoresho bidakora ku byuma bikozwe mu buryo bw’ubukorano kandi bifite ubukana bwinshi cyane, bikaba ari ibya kabiri nyuma ya diyama. Impapuro nyinshi zo gusya n’amapine tubona mu buzima bwa buri munsi bikozwe muri silicon carbide. Gukoresha “inzobere idashira” nk’iyo mu gukora igice cy’imbere cy’imiyoboro bishobora gutuma idashira cyane.
Ugereranyije n'imiyoboro isanzwe y'icyuma n'imiyoboro y'amabuye acuzwe, inyungu nyamukuru y'imiyoboro idashira ya silikoni iri mu "gusana imbere no hanze": urwego rw'imbere rwa silikoni rushinzwe kurwanya isuri no kwangirika kw'icyuma, mu gihe urwego rw'inyuma rw'icyuma rutuma umuyoboro ukomera kandi ugakomera. Guhuza ibi byombi ntibikemura gusa ikibazo cyo kudashira, ahubwo binareba umutekano n'ubwirinzi bw'ikoreshwa ry'inganda.
Kuki ishobora 'kwihanganira' ibidukikije bikomeye?
Kuramba kw'imiyoboro idashira ya silikoni bituruka ahanini ku miterere y'ibikoresho bya silikoni bya silikoni ubwabyo:
Ubudahangarwa bukomeye cyane: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, carbide ya silikoni ifite ubukana bwinshi cyane, kandi ubusaza bwayo buragenda buhoro cyane iyo ihuye n'isuri y'igihe kirekire iturutse ku byuma bito nk'urusenda n'umucanga. Ugereranyije n'imiyoboro isanzwe y'icyuma, igihe cyo kuyikoresha gishobora kongerwa inshuro nyinshi cyangwa ndetse kirenze inshuro icumi, bigabanya cyane inshuro n'ikiguzi cyo kuyisimbuza imiyoboro.
Ubudahangarwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi n'ubuke no kudahangarwa ku bushyuhe: Uretse kudahangarwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi, silicon carbide ishobora no kwihuza n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi ishobora gukora neza mu bidukikije kuva kuri dogere selisiyusi icumi kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi amagana. Muri icyo gihe, inarwanya neza ibintu bihumanya nka aside na alkali, bituma "ibasha" mu buryo bugoye bwo gutwara ibintu mu nganda nka chimique na metallurgique.
Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu buhamye: Bitewe n'ubuso bworoshye bw'urukuta rwa silicon carbide, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ikirere gitemba mu muyoboro ni buke, bigatuma udapfa kuziba. Ibi ntibituma gusa ubwikorezi buhamye, ahubwo binagabanya igihe cyo kudakora neza giterwa no gusukura imiyoboro.
Ni hehe igaragaza ubuhanga bwayo?
Nubwo bisa nkaho ari "iby'umwuga", ikoreshwa ry'imiyoboro idashira ya silicon carbide mu by'ukuri riri hafi cyane y'umusaruro n'ubuzima bwacu:
Mu nganda z’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’iz’ibyuma, ikoreshwa mu gutwara ubutare bw’amabuye y’agaciro buva mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ibisigazwa by’imyanda biva mu gushongesha, kandi ihura n’ubusaza bukomeye buturutse ku duce twinshi tw’ibinyabutabire;
Mu nganda z'amashanyarazi, ni umuyoboro w'ingenzi wo gutwara ifu y'amakara mu nganda zitanga ingufu zishyuha, bigatuma habaho lisansi ihoraho mu bushyuhe;
Mu nganda z’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi n’ibinyabutabire, ishobora gutwara ibikoresho fatizo bya sima, ibikoresho fatizo bya chimique, nibindi, kugira ngo ihangane n’isaza n’ingufu nke z’ibikoresho bitandukanye.
Dushobora kuvuga ko mu rwego urwo arirwo rwose rw’inganda rusaba gutwara ibikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kudashira no kudashira neza mu kazi, hagaragara imiyoboro ya silikoni idashobora kwangirika. Itanga garanti y’ingenzi ku mikorere ihoraho kandi inoze y’umusaruro w’inganda hamwe n’imikorere yayo “ikomeye”, kandi yabaye igice cy’ingenzi cy’uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu mu nganda bugezweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 19 Nzeri 2025