'Igufwa rikomeye' ryihishe mu ikoranabuhanga: uburyo ibumba rya silicon carbide rihindura ejo hazaza

Inyuma y’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga mu kwihutisha gusharija imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ndetse na moteri z’indege zikora neza, hari ibikoresho bisa n’ibisanzwe ariko bikomeye –ibumba rya karubide rya silikoniIyi ceramic igezweho igizwe n'ibintu bya karuboni na silikoni, nubwo idakunze kuvugwaho cyane nk'ibice na batiri, yabaye "intwari yihishe" mu bintu byinshi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bitewe n'imikorere yayo "ikomeye".
Ikintu kigaragara cyane ku birango bya silikoni karubide ni "uburyo bukomeye bwo kwihuza" n'ibidukikije bidasanzwe. Ibikoresho bisanzwe bishobora kwangirika mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kimwe no "kunanirwa gushyuha", ariko bishobora kugumana imbaraga zirenga 80% ndetse no kuri 1200 ℃, ndetse bishobora no kwihanganira ingaruka zikomeye za 1600 ℃ mu gihe gito. Uku kudashyuha bituma igaragara mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bwinshi, nko kuba ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ibice bishyuha bya moteri z'indege. Muri icyo gihe, ubukana bwayo ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama, ifite ubukana bwa Mohs bwa 9.5. Hamwe no kudashyuha cyane, ishobora kugumana ubusugire mu bidukikije bikomeye bya aside na alkali, kandi igihe cyo kuyikoresha kirenze kure ibikoresho bisanzwe by'icyuma.

Mu bijyanye n'amashanyarazi no gucunga ubushyuhe, silicon carbide ceramics yagaragaje imiterere y' "umukino uhuza ibintu byose". Uburyo bwo gutwara ubushyuhe bwayo bungana inshuro nyinshi n'uburyo busanzwe bwo gutwara alumina ceramics, bingana no gushyiraho "agakoresho gashyushya neza" ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, gashobora gukuraho vuba ubushyuhe bwakozwe mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho.
Muri iki gihe, kuba hari ibumba rya silikoni rya karuboni ryakwirakwiriye mu nzego nyinshi z'ingenzi. Mu modoka nshya zikoresha ingufu, iba yihishe mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, bigatuma igihe cyo gushyushya kigabanuka kandi igakomeza igihe kirekire; Mu rwego rw'indege, ibice bya turbine bikozwemo bishobora kugabanya uburemere bw'ibikoresho no kongera imbaraga; Mu nganda zikora semiconductor, imiterere yayo yo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe buke ituma ibikoresho bigezweho nka lithography birushaho kuba byiza kandi bihamye; Ndetse no mu nganda zikora ibikoresho bya kirimbuzi, yabaye igikoresho cy'ingenzi cy'imiterere ya reactors bitewe n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurwanya imirasire.
Mu bihe byashize, ikiguzi cyari imbogamizi mu gukurura ibumba rya silikoni karubide, ariko uko ikoranabuhanga ryo gutegura rigenda rikura, ikiguzi cyaryo cyaragabanutse buhoro buhoro, kandi inganda nyinshi zitangiye kwishimira inyungu z'iyi mpinduramatwara y'ibikoresho. Kuva ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu ngendo za buri munsi kugeza ku byogajuru byo gushakisha isanzure, iki gikoresho gisa n'aho kitagaragara cyane kirimo gutera ikoranabuhanga mu kugera ku hazaza heza kandi hizewe mu buryo bworoshye ariko bukomeye.