Niba icyuma ari inkingi y'inganda, hari ibikoresho bisa n' "intwaro itagaragara" y'inganda - bishyigikira bucece imikorere y'amatanura ashyushye cyane, bikarinda ubuzima bw'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga, ndetse bigatanga inzira yo kuvuka kw'udupira twa semiconductor. Ibi bikoresho nikeramike ya silikoni karubide, uruhare rw'ingenzi rwashinze imizi cyane mu nganda gakondo mu myaka ijana kandi rwongeye kubyutswa mu gihe gishya.
"Imashini Irinda Ubushyuhe" mu Mashyiga y'Inganda
Iruhande rw'itanura riturika mu ruganda rutunganya ibyuma no mu itanura rizunguruka mu ruganda rwa sima, ubushyuhe bwinshi butwara imyuka yangiza n'ihindagurika, bigatuma ibikoresho by'icyuma gakondo "binanirwa" hano. Ibumba rya silicon carbide ryabaye ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane mu bice by'ingenzi nk'amatanura n'amashyiga kubera ko birwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi (bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 1350 ℃ igihe kirekire), ndetse n' "imbaraga zikomeye" zabyo mu kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ingese. Kubaho kwabyo byazamuye imikorere y'amatanura y'inganda inshuro nyinshi kandi bigabanya cyane ikoreshwa ry'ingufu, ari na byo bigaragaza ko ireme n'imikorere myiza mu nganda gakondo.
'Ingirabuzimafatizo z'igihe kirekire' z'ibikoresho bya mekanike
Ukinjira mu cyumba cyo kuvoma cy’uruganda urwo ari rwo rwose rukora imiti, urashobora kubona "ishusho" ya silicon carbide ceramics. Mu gihe cyo gutwara aside ikomeye, alkali zikomeye, cyangwa ibikoresho birimo uduce duto, impeta zifunga zikozwe muri silicon carbide zishobora kwitwa "umwami w'ubudahangarwa" - ubukana bwazo ni ubwa kabiri nyuma ya diyama, ubukana bwazo buruta inshuro zirenga 10 ugereranije n'ubw'ibyuma bikomeye, kandi zibana mu mahoro n'ibintu byinshi bya shimi. Iki kintu cyongera igihe cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho by'ingenzi kuva ku mezi menshi kugeza ku myaka myinshi, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo gukora no kubungabunga inganda zisanzwe zikora ibintu.
Urugendo rwambukiranya imipaka kuva ku gakondo kugera ku iterambere
Iyo ibumba rya silicon carbide rihuye n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, ingufu zitangwa ziba zirenze ubushobozi bwo gutekereza:
Gukora ibikoresho bya semiconductor: Ibumba rya silicon carbide ryavuwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye ryabaye ingenzi mu gusiga irangi rya kristu mu gukora chips, kandi ubugari bwazo butuma zikora neza mu buryo bugezweho.
Impinduramatwara Nshya y'Ingufu: Mu nganda zikora imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi ya fotovoltaic, ibikoresho bya silicon carbide ceramic crucibles bifasha mu gukura neza kwa silicon monocrystalline; Mu rwego rw'ingufu za hydrogen, nk'ibikoresho bya lisansi bipolar cell, irimo guteza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zisukuye.
Ibikoresho bigezweho: Mu rwego rwo kwirinda amasasu, ibumba rya silikoni carbide ririmo gusubiza ku ntego ihoraho yo kurinda umutekano hakoreshejwe ijwi ryaryo ridasanzwe, kandi gutuza kwaryo mu bidukikije bikomeye bikomeje kwagura imbibi z'inganda z'abantu.
Ishusho y'Igice cya Ceramic Yahumetswe
Inkuru y'ibibumbano bya silikoni karubide igaragaza filozofiya y'ubwihindurize bw'ibikoresho by'inganda: ibikoresho byiza cyane ntibijya bihungabanya, ahubwo ni ibintu bifasha. Bishobora kuguma mu cyuma mu gihe cy'imyaka ijana, kandi bikanafungura amahirwe mashya mu rwego rw'ibikoresho by'imashini. Uku guhinduka kw'ibintu birenga ibihe bishize byemeza neza ukuri koroshye - iterambere mu bikoresho by'ibanze ni ryo shingiro rikomeye cyane mu kuvugurura inganda.
Nk'ikigo kimaze imyaka irenga icumi gikorera mu bijyanye n'ubudozi bwihariye, duhora twizera ko buri kuzimya umuriro mu itanura, imikorere ihamye ya buri gikoresho, no kuvuka neza kwa buri chip byose bigaragaza imbaraga z'udushya mu bikoresho. Kandi ubudozi bwa silikoni ni igihamya gifatika cy'ubu bubasha mu nganda ndende.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 22 Mata 2025